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Cell Organelles

Functions of Cell Organelles

TermDefinition
Nucleus The control center of the cell. Contains DNA. Surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope "Like the brain of the cell" Found only in Eukaryotic cells
Cytoplasm Gel-like fluid that functions to cushion and support the organelles, fills the cells space. "Like the jello cake from cloudy with a chance of meatballs" Found in all cells
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Creates, stores, and transports lipids and carbohydrates. No ribosomes on the surface "Like the hallways of the cell" Found in eukaryotic cells
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum A site of protein synthesis, transports materials within the cell Has ribosomes on the surface "like the hallways of the cell" Found in eukaryotic cells
Cell Membrane The membrane surrounding the cell, selectively permeable, controls what enters and exits the cell. Made up of a double layer of lipids. "Like the screens of the cell" Found in all cells
Cell Wall Firm, protective structure that gives the cell its shape in plants and bacteria. Provides shape, support, and protection. Only found prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells specifically in plant cells and bacterial cells
Centrioles Small hollow tubes that provide support or the cell and play a role in cell division Found in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria Produces a usable form of energy for the cell, site of cellular respiration "Powerhouse of the cell" Found in eukaryotic cells
Ribosome Creates proteins, perform protein synthesis Found in all cells
Golgi Body/ Golgi Apparatus Processes and packages proteins and lipid molecules, then delivers them outside of the cell "Like the post office of the cell" Found in eukaryotic cells
Lysosome Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell Break down excess or worn out organelles "Like the waste disposal of the cell" Found in eukaryotic cells
Chloroplast Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants their green color. It is the site of photosynthesis. "Like the solar power plants of the cell" Only found in Eukaryotic cells specifically plant cells only
Vacuole Provides temporary storage for food, enzymes, and waste products in animal cells (Small vacuole) Stores water within the plant cell (large vacuole) Found in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
Cytoskeleton Provides support for the cell, has two subparts (microfilaments and microtubules Found only in eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells Cells that contain a nucleus and membranous organelles
Prokaryotic cells Cells that DO NOT contain a nucleus or membranous organelles
Unicellular Organisms Living things that are made up of only one cell
Multicellular Organisms Living things that are made up of two or more cells.
The three parts of cell theory The three parts of cell theory are: 1. All living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things 3. New cells are produced from preexisting cells.
Cell Is the smallest unit of life. The basic building blocks of living things. Made up of organelles.
Organelle Specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.
Animal cell Cells found in animals, usually round or blob in shape.
Plant cells Cells found in plants, usually rectangular in shape.
Created by: user-1894303
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