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Energy of Life
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe energy and the three forms it takes in nature | Solar, Chemical, Mechanical |
| Explain the importance of the 2nd law of thermodynamics in living things | It is where there is a conversion of energy from one form to another which results in a loss of energy/ loss of organization (entropy). |
| What are organic nutrients and what makes them react with other molecules? | Hydrocarbons. They are used as connections from chemical reactivity. |
| What are the Monomers and Polymers of Protein? | Amino Acids (Monomer), Polypeptides (Polymer) |
| What are the Monomers and Polymers of Carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides (Monomers), Polysaccharides (Polymer) |
| What are the Monomers and Polymers of Fats? | Glycerol and Fatty Acids (Monomers), Trigycerides (Polymers) |
| Which macromolecule was left and why? | Nucleic Acids: This is because it doesn't give us any form of energy |
| The chemical reaction when two monomers bond together is called? Explain the meaning behind the two words? | Dehydration Synthesis Dehydration: Lose Water Synthesis: make (polymer) |
| The chemical reaction when a polymer is divided is called? What is the meaning of the two parts on the one word? | Hydrolysis Hydro: Water Lysis: Split |
| What Molecule is involved in both types of reaction? Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis | The Water Molecule |
| What is the unique characteristics of lipids compared to most other molecules? | Lipids do not dissolve in water. |
| List three functions of proteins: | Provide Structure Regulate Body Processes Transport Materials |
| Enzymes are a type of which macromolecule | Protein |
| Energy of Activation in relation to enzyme | Its required for chemical reactions to occur |
| Active Site in relations to enzyme | Where substrate that is specific to the enzyme binds |
| Specificity in relations to enzymes | The enzymes ability to avoid unwanted reactions in its active site |
| Could an enzyme used in your body also work at room tempature? Why or Why not? | They could but it would work a lot slower |
| What is the plasma/ cell membrane? What is its primary purpose? | It provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell. |
| What is the plasma membrane primarily composed of? | It is mainly composed of phospholipids, which consist of fatty acids and alcohol |
| What is the Channel Protein in a plasma membrane? | It is a protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane |
| What is the Cholesterol in a plasma membrane? | It is a sterol lipid that is also an amphiphile and an important component of the cell membrane |
| What is the Glycoprotein with carbohydrates attached in the plasma membrane? | It is a type of conjugated protein with shorter, branched carbohydrate chains known as oligosaccharides |
| What is Active Transport? | Energy is required and it also moves against a concentration gradient |
| What is Bulk Transport? | It uses special vesicles to move large size quantities |
| What is Facilitated Diffusion? | It is where proteins act as carries or channels to "help" materials pass through a membrane. Hint: It is hydrophilic |
| What is Osmosis? | it is the movement of water across a cell membrane towards the side that has a higher solute concentarion. |
| What are the four stages of cellular respiration? | Glycolysis, Pyruvate oxidation, The citric acid, Oxidative phosphorylation. |
| What product is considered a "Waste Product" in cellular respiration? | Carbon Dioxide and Water |
| In which steps of cellular respiration are MOST of the electrons carriers made? | Oxidative Phosphorylation |
| In which step is the MOST ATP made? | the electron transport system (ETS) |
| Why is Cyanide leathel? | It binds to an ETC protein and prevents the cell from using oxygen. HINT: Traffic Jam |
| Why do you die if you stop breathing? | Because if your cells can't use oxygen then it won't get to all the important things that keep you alive. |
| What is the organelle where photosynthesis occurs? | Chloroplast organelle |
| What are the pigment molecules in the organelle that capture the energy of the sun? | Chlorophyll |
| Why are plants green in color? | Chlorophyll, the primary facilitator of photosynthesis, absorbs blue and red light and reflects green light |
| Why do leaves change color in the fall? | They change because of the temperature and daylight hours lessen which cause the breakdown of chlorophyll. |
| Within Photosynthesis light reactions occur in which part? | Thylakoid mambranes |
| What is the purpose of the light reactions? | To convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy, in the form of ATP or NADPH. |
| Where do the Calvin Cycle reactions occur? | Stroma of a chloroplast |
| What is the purpose of the Calvin Cycle reactions? | To convert Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere into organic compounds. |
| What is the purpose of ATP and NADPH? | ATP: Provides light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) energy to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. NADPH: Provides the electrons required to reduce carbon dioxide into glucose in the Calvin Cycle |
Created by:
camibarber
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