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Drugs for 6-23-06
FCCTI Paramedic Class #7
| Drug/Class | Description | Onset and Duration | Indications | Contraindications | Adverse Reactions | Drug Interactions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug: Lidocaine Class: Antidysrythmic (Class I-B), local anesthetic | 1. Decreases phase 4 diastolic depolarization(which decreases automaticity) 2. Suppresses premature ventricular complexes 3. Used to treat v-tach and in some cases v-fib 4. Raises v-fib threshold | Onset: 30-90 sec Duration: 10-20 min | 1. v-tach 2. v-fib 3. Wide-complex tachycardia of uncertain origin 4. Significant ventricular ectopy in the setting of myocardial ischemia/infarction | 1. Hypersensitivity 2. Adams-Stokes syndrome 3. 2nd or 3rd degree heart block w/o an artificial pacemaker | 1. Light-headedness 2. Confusion 3. Blurred vision 4. Cardiovascular collapse 5. Bradycardia 6. Altered level of conciousness,irritability, muscle twitches, seizureswith high doses | 1. Beta-adrenergic blockers 2. Succyinylcholine 3. IV phenytoin 4. Procainamide and tocainide |
| Drug: Midazolam Class: Short-acting benzodiazepine | A water soluble benzodiazepine that may be administered for concious sedation to relieve apprehension or impair memory before tracheal intubation or cardioversion | Onset: 1-3 min(IV); dose dependent Duration: 2-6 hr; dose dependant | Premedication for tracheal intubation, cardioversion, or other painful procedures | 1. Hypersensitivity to midazolam 2. Glaucoma (relative) 3. Shock 4. Coma 5. Alchohol intoxication(relative; may be used for alchohol withdrawal) 6. Depressed vital signs 7.Contaminant use of barbituates, alchohol, narcotics, or other CNS depressants | 1. Respiratory depression 2. Hiccup 3. Cough 4. Oversedation 5. Pain at injection site 6. Nausea/vomiting 7.Headache 8. Blurred vision 9. Fluctuations in vital signs 10. Hypotension 11. Respiratory arrest | Sedative effect may be accentuated by contaminant use of barbituates, alchohol, or narcotics( and therefore should not be used in patients who have taken CNS depressants) |
| Drug: Succinylcholine Class: Neuromuscular blocker (depolarizing) | Has the quikest onset and briefest duration of all neuromuscular blocking drugs.Binds to the receptors for acetylcholine. Often leads to fasciculations and some muscular contractions | Onset: Less than 1 minute Duration: 5-10 min after single IV dose | 1. To facilitate intubation 2. Terminating laryngospasm 3. Muscle relaxation | 1. Burns or injuries in the first 12 hours 2. Hypersensitivity 3. Skeletal muscle myopathies 4. Inability to control airway and/or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure 5. Personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia | 1. HTN 2. Respiratory depression 3. Bradycardias 4. Dysrythmias 5. Initial muscle fasciculation 6. Excessive salvation 7. Malignant hyperthermia 8. Allergic reaction 9. May exacerbate hyperkalemia in trauma patients | 1. Oxytocin, beta-blockers,chronic contraceptive use, and organophosphates may potentiate effects 2. Diazepam may reduce duration of action 3. Cardiac glyosides may induce dysrythmias |
Created by:
dewey0044
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