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4.2 Sedimentary Rock

TermDefinition
sediments small pieces of rocks that are moved and deposited by water, wind, glaciers, and gravity
weathering the process where rock is broken down by physical or chemical means
chemical weathering occurs when minerals in rocks are dissolved or otherwise chemically changed
physical weathering the breaking down of rock by means where the rock remains chemically unchanged
erosion the removal and transport of sediment
deposition the process when transported sediments stop moving and settled on the ground or in a body of water
lithification the physical and chemical processes that transforms sediments into sedimentary rock
compaction process where the weight of overlaying sediments forces the sediment grains closer together causing physical changes
cementation the process that occurs when mineral growth glues sediment grains together into solid rock
clastic sedimentary rocks rocks formed from the abundant deposits of loose sediments that accumulate on Earth's surface
coarse-grained sedimentary rocks sedimentary rock consisting of gravel-sized rock and mineral fragments
medium-grained sedimentary rocks sedimentary rock consisting of sand-sized rock and mineral fragments
porosity the percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock
fine-grained sedimentary rocks sedimentary rock consisting of silt and clay sized particles
chemical sedimentary rocks sedimentary rocks that form when the concentration of dissolved minerals in a body of water reaches saturation, crystals can precipitate out of solution and settle to the bottom.
evaporites layers of chemical sedimentary rock that form from dissolved minerals
biochemical sedimentary rocks sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of once-living organisms
Created by: Lorrie.Jerome
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