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Planets and Orbits
Planets and Orbits Earth and Space
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Objects closer to the Sun have what kind of temperature? | warmer |
| Objects farther to the Sun have what kind of temperature? | colder |
| Objects that orbit closer to the Sun have water what form? | water vapor |
| Objects that orbit further from the Sun have water in what form? | solid (ice) |
| Graphing enables us to: | see patterns, trends or make predictions (extrapolate) |
| As a planet’s distance from the Sun increases, its orbital period (revolution) | increases |
| As a planet’s distance from the Sun and orbital period (revolution) is what type of relationship | direct |
| Earth has what SHAPE of orbit? | circular |
| Pluto and comets have what shape orbit? | enlogated |
| How does a circular orbit help a planet? | It enables it to stay withing the habitable zone |
| Kepler’s FIRST Law of Planetary Motion | Planets orbit the Sun in elliptical orbits (not perfectly circular), with the Sun at one focus. |
| Kepler’s SECOND Law of Planetary Motion | Equal area in equal time (when a planet is closer to the Sun it travels faster than when it is further from the Sun) |
| What is the formula for eccentricity? | Formula eccentricity = distance b/w foci/length of major axis |
| The square of a planet’s orbital period is directly proportional to: | the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. Formula: Ms X T2 = R3 |
| What can you figure out using Kepler's laws? | whether or not a planet will stay in the habitable zone throughout its entire orbit. We can also calculate the distance a planet is from the star it is orbiting. |
| point farthest from the Sun in the orbit | Aphelion |
| point closest to the Sun in the orbit | Perihelion |
| Objects that orbit closer to the Sun have water in what form? | water vapor |
| objects that orbit further from the Sun have water in what form? | solid |
| What temperature do objects that are close to the Sun have? | warm |
| A planet wants to fly off in a straight line (centrifugal force) but what keeps it from doing so? | gravatational attraction from the star it orbits |
| Scientists use the transit method to | determine if an exoplanet is orbiting a star outside of our solar system. |
| What happens if a planet is orbiting a star, when it passes in front of that star? | It dims its light |
| What celestial object is the greatest distance from the Sun? | Eris |
| What celestial object has the same period of rotation and revolution? | Earth's Moon |
| What celestial object has the greatest equatorial diameter? | Sun |
| What planet has the greatest axial titl? | Venus |
| What celestial object's orbit is the most eccentric/elliptical? | Eris |
| When celestial object's orbits are more elliptical they are closer to what number? | ONE |
| What celestial object has a more circular orbit? Venus or Mars | Venus |
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