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Plate Tectonics HS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pangea | A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago. |
| seafloor spreading | molten rock from inside the Earth rises through the cracks in the ridges, cools, and forms new oceanic crust. The old crust breaks along the mid |
| plate tectonics | describes large scale movements of Earth's lithosphere, which is made up of the crust and the rigid, upper part of the mantle |
| tectonic plates | sections of the lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere |
| convergent boundary | A tectonic plate boundary where two plates collide, come together, or crash into each other. |
| divergent boundary | the separation of 2 plates |
| transform boundary | The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally |
| Convection | Process by which, in a fluid being heated, the warmer part of the mass will rise and the cooler portions will sink due to different densities. |
| fault | (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other |
| earthquake | Shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from energy released in the form of seismic waves that occur along a fault plane from volcanic activity |
| volcano | A vent or fissure in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled |
| hot spot | An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it |
| rift zone | an area of deep cracks that forms between two tectonic plates that are pulling away from each other |
| Subduction | the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the asthenosphere beneath another plate. |
| mid ocean ridge | An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary. |
| Lithosphere | A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust. |
| Asthenosphere | The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats. |
| inner core | A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth |
| outer core | the liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core |
| Mantle | The layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core. |
| Crust | The layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface. |
Created by:
KellyKirvin
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