Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics Intro
Early genetics review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| father of genetics | Gregor Mendel |
| the study of inheritance patterns | genetics |
| the allele that is Always expressed ; only needs 1 letter | dominant allele |
| the dominant allele is always written this way | written uppercased |
| allele that is only sometimes expressed ; needs 2 letters | recessive allele |
| the recessive allele is always written this way | written lower cased |
| a cross (Punnett square) for 1 trait with 4 boxes | monohybrid cross |
| a cross (Punnett square) for 2 traits with 16 boxes | dihybrid cross |
| means "same" alleles example: HH or hh | homozygous alleles |
| means "different" alleles example: Gg | heterozygous alleles |
| a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein --> specific trait | gene |
| alternative (different) forms of the same gene ex. A or a | allele |
| "type" that refers to genetic makeup | genotype |
| "type" that refers to physical appearance | phenotype |
| these 2 things create phenotype | genotype + environment |
| a box diagram that will predict the genotype of the offspring | Punnett Square |
| type of dominance Mendel labeled having "either or" traits [only 2 possible traits] | complete dominance |
| type of dominance where the heterozygote individual shows both traits equally (ex. red x white = red & white) | co-dominance |
| type of dominance where the heterozygote individual is a mix of the 2 traits (ex. red x white = pink) | incomplete dominance |
| gene that overrides (or suppresses) the phenotypic expression of other genes ex. albinism | epistatic gene |
| trait that is based on many ( 2 or more) genes | polygenic trait |
| states that alleles in a pair separate randomly so each sex cell only has 1 allele per trait | law of segregation |
| states that the inheritance of alleles for 1 trait has NO effect on the alleles of another trait | law of independent assortment |
| aka sex cells (egg and sperm) | gametes |
| the tendency for genes close together on the same chromosome to be inherited together during meiosis | gene linkage |
| type of sexual reproduction that creates 4 genetically different sex cells | meiosis |
| cross that predicts the genotype of a parent when the other parent is homozygous recessive | test cross |
| type of asexual reproduction that creates 2 genetically identical body cells | mitosis |
| reproduction done by 1 parent (cell) to create genetically identical offspring | asexual reproduction |
| reproduction done by 2 parents (cells) to create genetically unique offspring | sexual reproduction |
| having 2 sets of chromosomes (total of 46 in humans) | diploid |
| having 1 set of chromosomes (total of 23 in humans) | haploid |
| meiosis has this effect on genetic variation | increases genetic variation |
| mitosis has this effect on genetic variation | decreases genetic variation |
| aka body cells | somatic cells |
| process that creates 4 sperm from 1 germ cell | spermatogenesis |
| process that creates 1 egg & 3 polar bodies from 1 germ cell | oogenesis |
| important process in prophase I of meiosis, when homologous chromosomes exchange DNA (genetic material) | crossing over |
| meiosis has this many cell divisions | two cell divisions |
| mitosis has this many cell divisions | one cell division |
Created by:
cadetjt
Popular Biology sets