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Nursing test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| Fe | iron |
| FEV | forced expiratory volume |
| FFP | fresh frozen plasma |
| FH | family history |
| FP | family practice; family practictioner |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| FTT | failure to thrive |
| FUO | fever of unknown origin |
| g, gm | gram |
| GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| GB | gallbladder; Guillain-Barre |
| GC | gonococcus or gonorrheal |
| GDM | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| GGT | gamma-glutamyl transferase |
| GH | growth hormones |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| GP | general practitioner |
| GSW | gunshot wound |
| gtt | drop |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| GU | genitorurinary |
| GVHD | graft-versus-host-disease |
| GYN | gynecology |
| H&H | hemoglobin and hematocrit |
| H&P | history and physical |
| h, hr | hour |
| h.s. | bedtime |
| h/o | history of |
| H2 | histamine 2 |
| H2O | water |
| HAV | hepatitis a virus |
| HbAlc | glycosylated hemoglobin |
| HBV | hepatitis b virus |
| HCG | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| HCP | healthcare professional |
| HCT, Hct | hematocrit |
| HCV | hepatitis c virus |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| HDL | high-density lipoprotein |
| HDV | hepatitis d virus |
| HEENT | head, ear, eye, nose, throat |
| HELLP | hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets |
| HEV | hepatitis e virus |
| HF | heart failure |
| hgb | hemoglobin |
| HIDA | hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (cholescintigraphy) |
| HIPAA | health insurance portability and accountability act |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HLA | human leukocyte antigen |
| HOB | head of bed |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HR | heart rate |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| HTN | hypertension |
| hx, Hx | history |
| I&D | incision and drainage |
| I&O | intake and output |
| ICD | implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| ICP | intracranial pressure |
| ICS | intercostal space |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| ID | intradermal; indectious diease |
| IDDM | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
| Ig | immunoglobulin |
| IJ | intrajugular |
| IL | interleukin |
| IM | intramuscular |
| INF | interferon |
| inf. | inferior |
| inj. | injection |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| IO | intraosseous |
| IOP | intraocular pressure |
| IPPB | intermittent positive pressure breathing |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| U.S. Food and Drug Administration | oversees the safety of consumer products, such as medications, biologics, cosmetics, food, and medical devices |
| U.S. Pharmacopeia | system of standards for quality, purity, strength, and consistency. ensures the quality, safety, and benefit of medicines, food ingredients, and dietary supplements |
| Institute for Safe Medication Practices | - collecting and analyzing errors - educating consumers and health-care providers - distributing medication safely - collaborating with other organization - advocating for safe practices and standards - conducting research |
| National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention | improvising population health and patient-centered care and containing health-care costs |
| The Joint Commission | improve patient safety in health-care facilities through accreditation and certification services that support performance improvement |
| The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals | help organizations address specific areas of concern with patient safety |
| State Practice Acts | define scope and practice for health-care professionals with the primary purpose of protecting the health, safety, and welfare of the public |
| Health-care facilities | written policies and procedures that outline a health-care professionals scope of practice and responsibilities for medication administration and documentation |
| Unit Dose Systems | - blister packs that are easily removed from the package - reduces the time necessary to prepare drugs for administration - lessens the risk of drug contamination - reduces the chance of mixing different medications |
| Multiple Dose Systems | - package more than one dose in a container - check expiration date - handle container carefully to avoid contamination |
| Automated Medication Dispensing Systems | - computer-operated storage and dispensing devices for medications and healthcare-related supplies - has the ability to track medication and supply inventory - enhances security - enhances access to patient medication - improves patient safety |
| 7 rights | - right patient - right drug - right dose - right route - right time - right time - right reason - right documentation |
| 3 checks | - when collecting the medications - prior to entering the patient's room - at the patient's bedside |
| the right patient | - name - dob - ssn - medical record number - facility account number |
| the right drug | - name of drug - label |
| the right dose | ensure the dosage is within the manufacturer's recommendation |
| the right route | the route determines how quick the medication is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted |
| the right time | - STAT (immediately) - intermittently (once, twice, or three times a day) - PRN (as needed) |
| the right reason | medications are prescribed for a reason |
| the right documentation | it should be recorded after the medication is taken - name of drug - dose - route - time - initials or signature of administrating healthcare professional |
| 1st check | - time of administration - name of medication - dose against the MAR as medications are pulled from storage |
| 2nd check | - medications against MAR after it has been obtained - prior to entering patients room |
| 3rd check | - medications against MAR at patients bedside |
| purpose of medication reconciliation | identify and resolve discrepancies between current medications and those that patients should be taking |
| process of medication reconciliation | - make list of medications, including name, dose, route, frequency, duration, purpose, and last dose taken - medications on list are compared to medications ordered for patient - patient must receive a copy of current list - list must be communicated |
| superscription | traditional symbol for prescription Rx |
| inscription | - body of prescription - contains name of medication, dosage strength, dose form |
| subscription | directions to pharmacist |
| signatura | - gives instructions to patient - number of units to take per dose, route of administration, frequency, purpose, and special warnings |
| components of handwritten order | - patient identifying information - date and time it was written - name of medication - dosage - route - prescriber's name and credentials - name of person transcribing order |
| components of electronic medication order | prescribers have instant access to information regarding patient identification, allergies, dosage recommendations, anticipated adverse reactions, drug interactions, and necessary lab tests |
| verbal orders | carry an inherent risk of error and should be used only in urgant situations |
| illegible and incomplete orders | - printed - should contain all necessary components |
| look-alike/sound-alike medications | purpose should be included in medication order |
| outdated systems of measurement | metric system of measurement for dispensing and administering medications is preferred |
| before giving medication, provider should know... | - purpose - usual dosage - route(s) - contraindications - common and life-threatening adverse reactions - potential interactions with other drugs or foods |
| the MAR should have... | - patient info - patient allergies - current date - time it is to be administered - medication info - administration info - other pertinent info |
| medical label refers to... | - label on medication container - package insert for prescription drugs |
| medication container labels | - name(s) of medication - national drug code number - form of medication - route - dosage strength - total volume in container - expiration date - other pertinent info |
| chemical name of drug | chemical properties |
| generic name | name registered with U.S. Pharmacopeia national formulary |
| trade name | name manufacturer apllies to drug |
| national drug code number | three segment, 10 digit number used for all prescription drugs and insulin products made for commercial distribution - identifies the labeler |
| form of medication | - aerosols - capsules - creams - elixirs - emulsions - enemas - gransules - injections - powders - solutions - suspensions - tablets - troches |
| route of administration | drug labels must list route(s) of administration |
| dosage strength | strength is the amount of active ingredient per dosage unit |
| volume/number | total number of tablets or volume of solution |
| lot number and expiration date | these numbers enable drugs to be tracked through the entire process of manufacturing and distribution |
| other label information | - storage - directions for mixing or reconstituting - warning - manufacturer's name - usual dosage - black box warning |
| tablets | - chewable - coated - effervescent - modified release - multilayer - orally disintegrating - soluble - troche - lozenge |
| chewable tablets | flavored meant to be chewed |
| coated tablets | masks unpleasant tastes and/or protect contents |
| effervescent tablets | release carbon dioxide gas when dissolved |
| modified release | - delayed-release: release after some time after administration - extended-release: release over an extended amount of time |
| multilayer | has multiple layer of ingredients |
| orally disintegrating | dissolve rapidly in mouth |
| soluble | dissolve in liquid |
| troche | compressed, flavored that dissolve slowly in mouth |
| lozenge | molded tablets with a sweetened, flavored base that dissolves slowly in mouth |
| capsules | medications within hard or soft outer shells |
| granules | powdered medications processed to form larger particles |
| liquid medications | one or more active ingredients that are dissolved in fluid |
| solutions | clear fluids that do not contain undissolved solid particles |
| suspensions | solutions that contain undissolved, solid particles |
| emulsions | liquid suspended within other liquids |
| elixirs | flavored or sweetened |
| syrups | liquids that contain large amounts of sugar |
| measuring oral medications | - dosing cups - oral syringes - droppers - cylindrical spoons |
| injected medications | - parenteral - intradermal (ID) - subcutaneous (SUBQ) - intramuscular (IM) - intravenous (IV) |
| parenteral | injected |
| intradermal (ID) | within layers of skin |
| subcutaneous (SUBQ) | under the skin but above muscle |
| intramuscular (IM) | in large muscles |
| intravenous (IV) | in veins |
Created by:
KimBriann
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