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Psych Chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| motivation | An internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal. |
| instincts | Innate tendencies that determine behavior. |
| Drive | A state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal. |
| homeostasis | The tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and deviations from their normal state. |
| incentive | An external stimulus, reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior. |
| extrinsic motivation | Engaging in activities that either reduce biological needs or help us obtain external incentives. |
| intrinsic motivation | Engaging in activities because they are personally rewarding or because they fulfill our beliefs and expectations. |
| lateral hypothalamus (LH) | The part of the hypothalamus that produces hunger signals. |
| ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) | The part of the hypothalamus that can cause one to stop eating. |
| fundamental needs | Biological drives that must be satisfied to maintain life. |
| psychological needs | The urge to belong and to give and receive love, and the urge to acquire esteem. |
| self-actualization needs | The pursuit of knowledge and beauty or whatever else is required for the realization of one’s unique potential. |
| emotion | A set of complex reactions to stimuli involving subjective feelings, physiological arousal, and observable behavior. |