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Otoacoustic Emission
Audiology Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oto | Ear |
| Acoustic | Sound |
| Emissions | A discharge |
| Otoacoustic Emission | A sound that the cochlea produces when stimulated with an external sound |
| All sound stems back to some form of ________ | Vibration |
| Dancing outer hair cells due to the _________, ________ cause vibrations that produce sound | Motor protein, prestin |
| OAEs tell the Audiologist about the? | Functional status of outer hair cells (OHCs) |
| If OHCs are damaged, OAEs are _______ | Absent |
| If OHCs are functioning normally, OAEs are _______ | Present |
| OAE testing is routinely performed for what four things? | • Infant hearing screenings • Pediatric Assessments • Ototoxic Monitoring • Cross-check cochlear hearing loss |
| Otoacoustic Emissions are? | Frequency Specific |
| The frequency of any given OAE represents that tonotopy region of the | Cochlea |
| A 2000 Hz OAE represents the functional status of _________ in the 2000 Hz tonotopic region of the cochlea | Outer hair cells |
| Why is otoacoustic emissions important? | This is important because it allows audiologist to assess OHC function along the entire length of the cochlea |
| OAE’s are _________ that can be measured in the external auditory meatus with a sensitive microphone | Weak acoustic signals |
| OHCs generate ______ | OAEs |
| OHCs generate OAEs- The acoustic signal travels through the _______ and ________ (in reverse) until it ends up in the _______ where it can be measured | Inner ear, Middle ear, External auditory meatus |
| To measure OAEs the ear probe houses a _________ and in most cases a ______ for evoked OAEs | Sensitive microphone, Speaker |
| Otoacoustic Emissions can occur _________ or occur in response to a stimulus _______ | Spontaneously, (evoked) |
| Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions | OAEs that occur without being stimulated with sound |
| Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions occur only in ______ of the population | 50-70% |
| What are the two common types of Evoked OAEs (EOAE)? | Transient-evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE), Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) |
| Transient-evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) | Elicited by a transient click stimulus |
| Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) | Elicited by two frequencies presented simultaneously that generate a “distortion product” in the cochlea |
| SPOAEs are most widely used for? | Clinical Evaluation |
| DPOAEs present what two different frequencies simultaneously? | • F1= frequency 1 • F2 – Frequency 2 |
| DPOAEs present two different frequencies simultaneously which generate? | “distortion product” OAE that gets measured by OAE probe |
| The strongest and most reliable DPOAE occurs at | 2f1-f2 |
| When reading DPOAEs, the X-axis represents? | Frequency |
| When reading DPOAEs, the Y-axis represents? | DPOAE level (dB SPL) |
| When reading DPOAEs, the shaded region represents? | Background noise (noise) |
| When reading DPOAEs, the blue line represents? | DPOAE at the frequency (signal) |
| When reading DPOAEs, we typically consider DPOAEs to be present/normal if DPOAE signal is _________ above the background noise | ~6 dB |
| What are you looking for when reading DPOAEs? | The difference between background noise and DPOAE level |
| OAEs can only tell you if hearing is? | Near normal or not |
| OAEs cannot tell the audiology the _____ of hearing loss | Degree |
| OAEs cannot be measured if patient has ________ or ________ pathology | External ear, Middle ear |
| OHC function could be normal, but the pathology prevents our ability to detect? | OAE being generated |
| The sound generated by OHCs cannot travel through the ___________ efficiently to be detected by probe microphone | Middle ear system |
| The stimulus used to evoke OAE cannot travel efficiently through middle ear to reach _______ | Outer Hair Cells |
| Common Clinical Applications of OAEs can include | 1. Infant hearing screenings 2. Ototoxic Monitoring 3. Cross-check other audiometric results 4. Functional/Nonorganic Hearing Loss |
| Newborns cannot perform __________ | Behavioral audiometric assessments |
| Instead, we can use object measures like ______ to tell us information about how baby hears | OAEs |
| If newborn has present OAEs, can we say they have completely normal hearing ? | NO- normal cochlear function, cannot assess central pathway |
| Ototoxic | Poisonous to the ear |
| Many drugs are ototoxic but are required for more serious health conditions. Some of these drugs include? | • Chemotherapy • Antibiotics |
| When given in large enough dose – ototoxic drugs can ________ the OHCs | Destroy |
| Such patients are often monitored before, during and after drug treatment to monitor? | The drugs effect on hearing ability |
| _____________ are ideal for monitoring drug effect on patients hearing ability | High-frequency OAEs |
| Functional Hearing Loss | Psychological problem, not a hearing problem |
| In functional hearing loss, they appear not to hear or respond but have _____ hearing | Normal |
| Non-Organic Hearing Loss | Feigning a hearing loss (faking) |
| __________ makes the audiologist pretty certain that cochlear function is normal in these Functional/Non-organic Hearing Loss patients | Present OAEs |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, pure tone AC thresholds are <? | 30-40 dB HL |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, should OAEs should be ______ in pure tone AC thresholds < 30-40 dB HL | Present |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, pure tone AC thresholds are >? | 30-40 dB HL |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, should OAEs should be ______ in pure tone AC thresholds > 30-40 dB HL | Absent |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, if air-bone gaps are present? | OAEs cannot be measured |
| When cross-checking with OAEs, if Type B tympanogram? | OAEs cannot be measured |
Created by:
RachelJClark
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