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Diseases & Findings
USMLE Quizlet
| Disease | Findings |
|---|---|
| Anasarca | Minimal changes diseases |
| Addison's Disease | Primary Adrenocortical deficiency |
| AFP Increase | neural tube defects malignancy |
| Amnion nodosum | renal agenesis |
| Aneurysmal nodules | Polyarteritis nodosa |
| Anosmia | Kallman's Syndrome |
| Anterior vermian atrophy | alcoholism |
| Arachnodactyly | Marfan's |
| Arnold Chiary Malformation | Cerebellar tonsil herniation |
| Atypical lymphocytes | EBV |
| Bacterial conjunctivitis pathogens | S. aureus; strep. Pneumo; hemophilus aegyptius |
| Barrett's esophagus | columnar metaplasia of lower esophagus; risk of adenocarcinoma |
| Basophilic stippling of RBC | lead poisoning |
| Bell's Palsy | CN7; could be from lyme's and herpes |
| Berger's disease | IgA nephropathy |
| Berry Aneurysm | circle of Willies (subarachnoid bleed) |
| Bilateral breast cancer | lobular carcinoma |
| Bilateral renal cell carcinoma | von Hippo Lindau |
| Bloody nipple discharge | Intraductal papilloma |
| Boot shaped heart | Tetralogy of Fallot |
| Boutonniere's deformity | Rheumatoid arthritis |
| Broca's aphasia | 1. motor aphasia; 2. comprehension intact |
| Bronchiolitis | RSV |
| Brudzinski's sign | meningitis; flex the neck and legs |
| Buerger's Disease | acute inflammation of small and medium arterities; painful ischemia |
| Burkitt's lumphoma | EBV, small non-cleaved cell lumphonma |
| Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy | Chaga's disease |
| Chaga's disease characteristcs | Trypanosoma cruzei; sleeping disease |
| Caisson Disease | gas emboli |
| Carbon monoxide poisoning | Hyperemia all over body; edema and necrosis of globus pallidus |
| Painless Chancre | 1st stage syphilis; painless firm ulcer |
| Cherry-red spot on macula | Tay-sachs; 50% of Miemann-pick |
| Cheyne-stokes Breathing | Cerebral lesion |
| Chocolate cysts | endometriosis |
| Cholestrerole clefts | atherosclerosis |
| Chordae tendinae short and fused | Rheumatic heart disease |
| Chvostek's Sign | Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany; facial nerve (CN7) involvement |
| Clue cells | Gargnerella vaginalis; trichomonas |
| Codman's triangle | osteosarcoma |
| Coin lesion in the lung | pulmonary harmartoma |
| Cold thyroid nodules | colloid cyst or thyroid adenoma |
| Concentric laminar intima fibrosis of the small arteries of lung | Primary Pulmonary Hypertension |
| Condyloma lata | Secondary syphilis |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | 21-hydroxylase deficiency; virilism: virilism; no cortisol; salt loss; hypotension |
| Conn's Syndrome | primary aldosteronism |
| Cori's disease | glycogen storage disease |
| Cotton wood spots | hypertension |
| Creutzfeldt-jakob disease | Prion infection; cerebellar and cerebral degeneration |
| Crigler-Najjar Syndrome | Congenital hyperbiliraubinemia |
| Crohn's Disease | Skip lesion; ileocecum; granulomas; lymphocytic infiltrate |
| Ulcerative colitis | limited to colon; colon cancer risk |
| Croup | parainfluenza virus |
| Depigmentation of substantia nigra | Parkinson's disease |
| DiGeorges Syndrome | Thymic hypoplasia; T-cell deficiency |
| Dopamine receptors | Schizophrenia |
| Double bubble sign on ultra sound | Down syndrome; duodenal atresia |
| Dressler's syndrome | Post MI fibrinous pericarditis |
| Ectopia lentis | Marfan's |
| Edward's Syndrome | Trysomy 18; rocker-bottom; low ears; heart disease |
| Ewing's Sarcoma | undifferentiated round-cell bone tumor |
| Fanconi's syndrome | impaired proximal tubular reabsorption secondary to lead poisoning or tetracycline |
| Fanconi's syndrome characteristics | glycosuria;hyperphosphaturia; aminoaciduria; systemic acidosis |
| FAT RN | TTP (Fever; Anemia; Thrombocytopenia; Renal failure; Neuro problems) |
| Appendicitis | Fecalith |
| Felty's syndrome | RNs (rheumatoid arthritis; neutropenia; splenomegaly) |
| FEV1/FVC | COPD |
| Frontal bossing | Sickle Cell anemia |
| Fungal balls in lung | aspergillus |
| Gaucher's Disease | Lysosomal Storage Disease; anemia; hepatosplenomegaly; glucocerebrosidase deficiency; |
| Gilbert's Syndrome | benign congenital hyperbilirubinemia (unconjugated) |
| Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy | Deficiency of dystrophin protein; X-linked recessive |
| Guillain-Barre | Idiopathic polyneuritis (ascending muscle weakness and paralysis; usually self limiting) |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | autoimmune hypothyroidism |
| Bouchard's node | osteoarthritis (PIP) |
| Heberden's nodes | Osteoarthritis (DIP) |
| Heinz Bodies; non-immune hemolytic anemia | G6PD Deficiency |
| Henoch-Schonlein purpura | hypersensivity vasculitis |
| Hereditary spherocytosis | RBC cytoskeleton deficit; most commonly Spectrin |
| Heterophil antibodies indicates what disease | infectious mono |
| Hirschprung's disease | aganglionic megacolon |
| HLA-b27 | Ankylosing spondylitis; psoriasis; IBD; Reiter's syndrome |
| Honeycomb lung | Pulmonary fibrosis |
| Horner's syndrome | ptosis; miosis; anhidrosis (lesion of cervical sympathetic nerves often secondary to Pancoast tumor) |
| Huntington's Disease | Progressive degeneration of caudate nucleus; putamen & frontal cortex; Alzheimer's |
| Hyaline thrombi | TTP |
| Hypersegmented PMN | megaloblastic anemia |
| hypochromic mycrocytic RBCs | iron deficiency anemia |
| IgM against IgG | Rheumatoid factor |
| Dopamine receptors | Parkinson's |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | malignant vascular tumor (HHV8 in homosexual men) |
| Kaussmaul Breathing | acidosis |
| kawasaki Disease | Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome |
| Kernig's sign | meningitis |
| Keyser-fleischer ring | Wilson's disease; copper build-up |
| Klinefelter's Syndrome | 47 pairs; XXY |
| Defervescence | body temperature abatement; maculopapular rash with defervescence |
| Eggshell calcification of lymph Nodes | Silicosis; coal workers' pneumoconiosis |
| EKG for pericardial effusion | varying T-wave; axis change every other beat; wandering baseline |
| SIADH First line treatment | Restrict free water |
| Tuberculosis CXR | cavitary lesions involving upper lobes |
| Buccal Mucosa sore 1CM in smokers; can't be rubbed off | leukoplakia; oral cancer |
| First response Immunoglobulin for infections | IgM |
| Pansystolic murmur | usually indicates cordae tendonae rupture of a valve |
| Magnesium toxicity | Calcium gluconate |
| Migraine headache nerve | trigeminal |
| Blow out fracture at the ER | immediate Ophthalmologist consult |
| Metabolic acidosis therapy | ethanol, hemodialysis, supportive therapy |
| Lachman's sign | ACL Tear; anterior drawer test |
Created by:
jonyeh
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