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Physio II
Lab quiz 2-Small intestine, protein digestion, H2O absorption
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the small intestine mostly responsible for? | digestion and absorption |
| How long are the duodenum, jejunum, ileum | 10", 8', 12' |
| What are the four layers of the wall of the SI | mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa |
| Where does most digestion take place | the SI |
| What is the main source of digestive enzymes | pancreas |
| What are the specializations of the mucosa and submucosa | plicae circularis or valves of Kerckrings (3x size increase) villi (10x) microvilli (20x) |
| What disease causes serious decrease in surface area | celiac disease-no villi |
| What is a lacteal | a central lymphatic duct in each villus for removal of intestinal lymph |
| What types of fatts go through the lacteal first | chylomicrons |
| What vessles supply the stomach and spleen, intestine and pancreas, intestine | celiac a, sup mesent a, inf mesent a |
| What arteries supply the liver | Hepatic & portal |
| What vein leaves the liver | hepatic v |
| How do lipophilic molecules cross cell membrane | simple diffusion |
| How do hydrophilic molecules cross the cell membrane | special transport systems such as channels or carriers |
| What is secondary active transport | driven by the Na+ gradient |
| What is primary active transport | driven by metabolic energy |
| How can some large cells enter the cell | by endocytosis |
| What activates pepsinogen | acid |
| What activates trypsinogen | intestinal protease enterokinase |
| T/F all luminal proteases are endopeptidases | T |
| What is the function of pepsin | not very important for protein digestion, acts only on aromatic AAs, inactivated as soon as chyme enters duod |
| Where does the final breakdown into absorbable units occur | in the brush border and catalyzed enzymes bound to the brush border membrane = contact digestion |
| Where are proteins digested | stomach |
| Where are proteases digested | lumen of SI |
| Where are polypeptides and AAs digested | brush border of SI |
| Where are AAs, dipeptides, tripeptides digested | enterocytes |
| Name the 5 zymogens | trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, proelastase, procarboxypeptidase A & B-the inactive forms |
| Where is absorption of proteins usually completed | mid jejunum, not totally complete until all di/tripeptides are taken up into the cell |
| Where do proteins in the colon come from | largely from intestinal bacteria and sloughed off cells that are egested |
| What is the daily water intake | 1.5-2 L |
| What % of water intake is from solid food | 80% |
| Where does most of the H2O absorption take place | SI |
| Which tubes in the experiment had the most protein hydrolysis | 1ml .03 % boiled protease & ice cold protease |
| What color indicates a positive test for protein digestion | dark blue |
| Under what conditions is protease most effective | 37 degrees C and 5-6pH |
| What color indicates a neg protein digestion test | light blue |
| What is the vitamin required in AA metab | B6 |
| Where is pepsin inactivated | the pancreas |
| What prevents pancreatic proteases from digesting the pancreas | trypsin inhibitor( inhibits trypsinogen) |
Created by:
sparklefarkle84
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