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Protein & vitamins
Food and biomolecules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protein biomolecules | Hydrogen Carbon Oxygen Nitrogen |
| Protein elements | Sulfur Phosphorus |
| What do these elements form when linked together? | Amino acids |
| How do amino acids bond together? | Through peptide bonds |
| How many types of amino acids? | 20 |
| A singular peptide | Polypeptide |
| What are the two categories of protein | 1. Physiological proteins 2. Structural proteins |
| What are physiological proteins | Metabolic role E.g Enzymes, Hormones |
| Structural protein role | Building block for tissues |
| What are the 4 main types of structural proteins | Collegen Keratin Actin & myosin |
| Protein enzyme | Pepsin |
| Where is pepsin in the body? | Stomach |
| Role of pepsin | Breaks down protein to amino acids |
| Vitamins definition | Substances needed in small quantities |
| 4 Roles of vitamins | Proper function of cells Tissue growth Maintaining health Cell production |
| Where do we get vitamins | Food The sun Symbiotic bacteria in the large intestine |
| Two types of vitamins | Water soluble Fat soluble |
| Name the type, source, function and deficiency disease of vitamin C | Water soluble Citrus fruit Formation of blood vessels, connective tissues e.g cartilage & muscle Scurvy |
| Name the type, source, function and deficiency disease of vitamin D | Fat soluble Dairy products , sunlight Helps the body absorb calcium Osteoporosis/ rickets (children) |
| Name the function, source and deficiency disease of calcium (Body) | Strong bones / teeth, blood clotting Milk ,cheese Osteoporosis |
| Name the function, source and deficiency disease of iron (Body) | Needed to make haeomoglobin - transport O2 in red blood cells Red meat, dark green veg (spinach) Anaemia |
| Name the function, source and deficiency disease of magnesium (Plants) | Used to make chlorophyll Soil water Yellow leaves (chlorosis) |
| Name the function, source and deficiency disease of nitrogen (Plants) | Used to make proteins for growth, to make chlorophyll Soil water Yellow leaves, stunted growth |
| 3 functions of water | Solvent Maintain / regulate temperature Transport (nutrients oxygen etc) |
| Undernourished | If someone is not eating enough food |
| Malnourished | If someone is not getting enough of all the food groups |
| Anabolic reactions | Build more complex molecules from simple molecules using energy. |
| Catabolic reactions | Break down more complex molecules into simpler ones with the release of energy. |
| Examples of anabolic reactions | Photosynthesis Protein synthesis |
| Examples of catabolic reactions | Respirations Digestion |
| Trace elements found in the human body | Copper Iron Zinc |
Created by:
EObrienHart
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