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Experimental Design
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Inference | A conclusion drawn from evidence and reasoning, rather than from explicit statements. |
| Hypothesis | A testable statement or prediction about the relationship between variables. |
| Control Group | The group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention, used for comparison. |
| Experimental Group | The group that receives the treatment or intervention in an experiment |
| Independent Variable | The variable that is manipulated or changed in an experiment to test its effects |
| Dependent Variable | The variable that is measured in an experiment, which responds to changes in the independent variable |
| Constant | A factor that remains unchanged throughout an experiment to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable |
| Quantitative Data | Numerical data that can be measured and expressed mathematically |
| Qualitative Data | Descriptive data that can be observed but not measured, often involving characteristics or qualities |
| Conclusion | A summary of the results of an experiment, stating whether the hypothesis was supported or not |
| Scientific Theory | A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has stood up to repeated testing |
| Scientific Law | A statement that describes an observable occurrence in nature that appears to always be true, often expressed mathematically |
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