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2010-07-14 #1.2
Types of diarrhea
Question | Answer |
---|---|
diarrhea with blood & leukocytes; low-volume: causes? | invasive: Shigella spp; Campylobacter jejuni; Entamoeba histiolytica |
X inflammation in bowel mucosa: high-volume diarrhea; Dx? | secretory; osmotic |
loss of isotonic fluid; caused by laxative, enterotoxins, carcinoid syndrome: Dx? | secretory |
causes of secretory diarrhea | laxatives: melanosis coli with use of phenanthracene laxatives; Vibrio cholerae & ETEC; ↑serotonin |
loss of hypotonic salt solution: causes? | osmotic: disaccharidase deficiency; "Stunned gut" in giardiasis; ingestion of poorly absorbable solutes (magnesium sulfate laxatives) |
fecal smear for leukocytes[-]; stool osmotic gap <50 mOsm/kg: Dx? | secretory |
difference between secretory & osmotic screening test results | secretory: increased 5-HIAA due to carcinoid syndrome; gap < 50; osmotic: gap > 100 |