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Masking
Audiology Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Masking is just one more step in the process of finding accurate ________________ | Acoustic thresholds |
| Cross hearing | When a sound is presented so loud to one ear that the sound is actually heard in the opposite ear |
| Cross hearing occurs during ________ conduction | Bone |
| We have to ______ to avoid cross hearing | Mask |
| Masking | Playing noise to the non-test-ear (NTE) so that it does not detect a loud sound presented to the test ear (TE) |
| Cross hearing depends on the ____________ and ______________ | Transducer, interaural attenuation |
| Interaural attenuation (IA) | Reduction is sound energy of a signal as it is transmitted by bone conduction from one side of the head to the opposite ear |
| Each transducer has different amounts of ______ based on the surface area it has in contact with the head | Interaural attenuation |
| Masking for air conduction is needed when there is a large difference between? | The two ear thresholds |
| What is the "rule of thumb" for masking for air conduction | If Air conduction thresholds are 50 dB or more apart, you have to mask when testing the worse ear and sometimes if they are 40 dB apart |
| If the different between the ears is ______ enough, tones presented to the poorer ear (test ear) could cross-over and be heard in the better hearing ear (non-test-ear) before finding a __________ | Large, threshold |
| We need to mask the __________ hearing ear with noise so that it does not detect the tones being presented in the ________ hearing ear | Better, poorer |
| The more surface area AC transducers have with the head, the ______ interaural attenuation | Less |
| (Air conduction transducer interaural attenuation) Inserts- ________ dB IA | 50 |
| (Air conduction transducer interaural attenuation) Supra-aural headphones- ________ dB IA | 40 |
| Why is there no accurate interaural attenuation number? | Each person has a different size head, bone density, etc. This is why a conservative average was created |
| What is the air conduction right masked symbol? | Red triangle |
| What is the air conduction left masked symbol | Blue square |
| Using different symbols for masked thresholds allow audiologists to look at a previously obtained audiogram and know if the _________ were obtained correctly | Thresholds |
| Masking for air conduction is always needed when? (Equation) | The air conduction test ear is subtracted by the bone conduction nontest ear is greater than or equal to the interaural attenuation. AC Test Ear – BC Nontest Ear ≥ IA |
| We don't typically have the non-test ear bone conduction threshold yet when testing __________ | Air conduction |
| Theoretically, __________ should never be worse than the ______________ threshold so you can use the non-test ear air conduction threshold to determine if masking is needed | Bone conduction, air conduction |
| If the air conduction thresholds are ________ dB apart from each other at a given frequency- masking is need | 50/40 |
| You still need to go back and mask for ______ sometimes if you find that bone conduction of the non-test ear is much better than air conduction of the non-test ear (Ex: an air-bone-gap is present) | Air conduction |
| Masking for bone conduction is the only wat to get __________ - otherwise you cannot tell which cochlea is actually responding | Ear-specific bone conduction thresholds |
| What is the rule of thumb when masking for bone conduction? | If you have an AIR-BONE GAP |
| Bone conduction interaural attenuation is ________ dB HL | 0 |
| Masking for bone conduction is always needed when? (Equation) | Air-bone gap (test ear) is greater than or equal to 15 dB Air-Bone Gap Test Ear ≥ 15 dB |
| What is the right ear masked bone conduction symbol? | A red bracket that is open on the right side |
| What is the left ear masked bone conduction symbol? | A blue bracket that is open on the left side |
| When marking masked bone conduction, you mark both the ______ and ______ thresholds on the audiogram when they are masked | Right, left |
| Why would you mark both ears in masked bone conduction? | Bone conduction is now ear-specific |
| Stimulus | Narrow-Band Noise (NBN) centered at the frequency of the pure tone being tested |
| Presentation ear | The Masking Noise is always presented to the Non-test Ear (the ear you do not want to respond) |
| Mode of presentation - masking is always presented through _______. Never through the _______ | Air conduction, bone oscillator |
| Sensation Level (SL) | Decibels above an acoustic threshold |
| Sensation level: 1 kHz threshold is 10 dB HL, if tone is presented at 35 dB HL, the dB SL is? | 25 dB SL |
| Masking noise should be presented at a ______ loud enough to cover cross hearing (effective masking level) | dB SL |
| Problems occur when masking level is too _____ or too ____ | Low, high |
| Overmasking | When masking is presented so loud to the non-test ear, that it crosses over to the test ear |
| Undermasking | When masking is presented too low to effectively cover the tone crossing over from the test ear |
| What is the most reliable masking method? | The plateau method |
| The Plateau Method | Ensures that the audiologist does not Overmask or Undermask |
| Masking Dilemma | When both ears present with large air-bone gaps (after masking for bone conduction) so that as soon as any amount of masking noise is presented it is Overmasking |
Created by:
RachelJClark
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