Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cell Biology
Test 10/3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| eukaryotic cells | humans/animals/plants/fungi.....!!EVERYTHING EXEPT BACTERIA!!! |
| eukaryotic cells have a nuclear membrane that seperates... | chromosomes from the cytoplasm |
| chromosomes is eukaryotic cells are.... | 23 pairs in humans, homologous, and linear |
| eukaryotic cells have a pm that defines the outerlimit of the | cell |
| the eukaryotic cell pm is made of a sea of PLP's and cholesterol with | proteins floating in it |
| the eukaryotic cell pm keeps what in? | cytoplasm |
| what does the eukaryotic pm keep out? | polar molecules |
| what can pass through the eukaryotic pm easily | 02 and CO2 because they are non polar |
| what regulates what can pass through a eukaryotic pm | proteins |
| all eukaryotic cells have intracellular membrane-bound compartments called | organelles |
| what do organelles do | they organize!!! |
| what contains all the enzymes that are needed to convert the energy in food molecules, like glucose, fatty acids, and turn them into ATP | mitochondria |
| what contains enzymes that break biomolecules apart into subunits that the cell can use to make new biomolecules | lysosome |
| what kinds of cells do not have cell walls | animal/human cells |
| ANIMAL AND HUMAN CELLS HAVE MEMBRANES NOT WALLS | ANIMAL AND HUMAN CELLS HAVE MEMBRANES NOT WALLS |
| what synthesizes proteins using a code or template dictated by RNA copy of a gene, called MRNA | ribosomes |
| cytoplasm on the inside ISF on the outside | cytoplasm on the inside ISF on the outside |
| messenger RNA | carries infromation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
| ribosomes translate gene language into what | protein language, from strings of bases to strings of amino acids |
| how many bases per amino acid | 3, starting at one end of the mRNA |
| translation ends at a set of three bases which constitutes a stop codon like UAA | UAA MEANS STOP |
| an enzyme in the ribosome staples the amino acids together into a protein with a sequence dictated by the gene the Mrna was a copy of | remember that |
| endoplasmic reticulum | an organelle with a membrane like the PM |
| endoplasmic reticulum is a | single compartment that reaches into every corner of the cell like an octopus |
| endoplasmic reticulum | where proteins that are destined for the outside of the cell are made |
| endoplasmic reticulum | where calcium ions are concentrated in muscle cells |
| vesicles | little bubbles of membrane that are like little vesicle packages of proteins traveling within the cell |
| prokaryotic cells | BACTERIA YUCK |
| prokaryotic cells do not have a | nucleus |
| prokaryotic cells have this type of chromosome | single, single, circular chromosome 4,000,000 base pairs long |
| prokaryotic cells do not have | any organelles- probably they are unorganized and messy because they are bacteria |
| prokaryotic cells have a cell wall that includes peptidoglycan | this can be damaged by penicillin |
| prokaryotic cells are 1/10 the size of a human cell | !! |
| prokaryotic cells have different enzymes | which can be blocked by antibiotics |
| viruses are not... | alive, and they arent cells either |
| a single wisp of rna or dna is 10,000 ..... ON A VIRUS | base pairs |
| viruses cannot | produce atp, make proteins, or replicate their own rna or DNA |
| viruses cannot | repoduce on their own |
| viruses must get inside of the eukaryotic cell and use their organelles and enzymes and atp to replicate themselves but in the process... | this kills the host cell |
| because viruses dont have the same enzymes or cell wall bacteria, wht doesnt hurt them ? | antibiotics |
| viruses cant be inactivated by... | removing their envelope , damaging their capsid, or breaking their DNA, dehydrating them, or phagocytosis by macrophages in blood filtering organs |
| a virus is how small compared to a human eukaryotic cell | 1/1000 |
| cellular respiration | glycolysis in the cytoplasm , krebs cycle and electron transport in the mitochondria |
| what is the reverse cellular respiration | photosynthesis |
| photosynthesis make glucose and oxygen from what | CO2 and water |
| chlorophyll proteins in chloroplast organelles absorb light energy to initiate the process of | photosynthesis |
| plants use glucose for energy | this means they do cellular respiration too |
| plants use the glucose to synthesize necessary parts | like from cellulose to wood |
| plants also store glucose as | starch |
| cellular reproduction | prokaryotic cells reproduce by bianary fission |
| BIanary fission = | splitting in two |
| prokaryotic cells grow in size as, | the componets double, the single chromosome is replicated, the two chromosomes are pushed to two diffrerent sides of the the cell, the membrane pinches it to cut the cell in two, the cell wall also pinches |
| asexual process of cell reprocution is.... | new independant organism is produced, no combining of parent cells, they are genetically identical unless a mutation happens or they pick up a few genes from a plasmid neighbor |
| eukaryotic cells reproduce within a persons body by mitosis, like liver cells, skin cells or even hemotoblasts which are.... | bone marrow stem cells |
Created by:
alllireed
Popular Biology sets