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Biochemistry
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cohesion | Attraction between molecules of the same substance (i.e., water to water) |
| Adhesion | Force of attraction between different kinds of molecules (i.e., water to plastic) |
| Polarity | The imbalance of electrons within a molecule that causes one side to be slightly negative and the other side to be slightly positive |
| Capillary action | Tendency of water to rise in a thin tube |
| Surface tension | The tendency of water to create a thin film across the top |
| Heat capacity/specific heat | The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance |
| Solvent | Dissolving substance in a solution |
| Hydrogen bond | Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom |
| Macromolecule | A molecule of biological importance containing a large amount of atoms |
| Carbohydrate | Macromolecule specializing in quick energy storage |
| Monosaccharide | Monomer of carbohydrates |
| Lipid | Macromolecule specializing in long-term energy storage |
| Fatty acid | Monomer of lipids |
| Protein | Macromolecule with a variety of jobs, including structure, enzymes, and limited energy storage |
| Amino acid | Monomer of proteins |
| Nucleic acid | Macromolecule specializing in genetic information storage |
| Nucleotide | Monomer of nucleic acid |
| Enzyme | Biological catalyst |
| Catalyst | Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction (may be biological or not) |
| Activation energy | Amount of energy required to start a reaction |
| Reactant | Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
| Product | Elements or compounds created by a chemical reaction |