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a&p chap2 p
a&p chap2 practice quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anything that has weight and occupies space can be described as | Matter |
| There are ____ naturally occurring elements of which ______ are commonly found in the human body. | 92, 26 |
| Lipids are molecules made up of | Fats |
| Proteins are made up of | Amino acids |
| Nucleic acids are made up of | Nucleotides |
| About 96% of the body consists of what four elements? | oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen |
| A chemical formula expresses | the chemical composition of a molecule, the number of atoms for each element in the molecule, and the atoms involved in chemical bonding. |
| Covalent bonds form when | two or more atoms share electrons equally and two or more molecules share electrons unequally |
| To be considered an organic molecule a substance must contain | carbon and hydrogen |
| The process used to convert liquid vegetable oils to solids by changing its bonds is called | hydrogenation |
| If an atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons in its nucleus, and 8 orbiting electrons, its atomic number would be | 8 |
| To form an ionic bond one atom must donate its ________ to another. | electrons |
| Hydrogen bonds occur between | polar molecules. |
| The valence electrons are those | located in the outermost shell and active in chemical bonding. |
| A saturated fat will have | very few hydrogen atoms |
| Lactose, the sugar contained in milk, is an example of a | disaccharide |
| Enzymes are necessary in cells to | speed up chemical reactions. |
| The difference between DNA and RNA is that | there are differences in sugars, bases, and the number of strands. |
| Steroids are a form of | lipid. |
| A substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical means is a/an | element. |
| The positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom are the | protons |
| The number of protons plus the number of neutrons determines the __________ of an atom. | atomic weight |
| Two or more atoms combine chemically to form a/an __________, the smallest unit of a/an __________. | molecule; compound |
| When one atom donates an electron to another atom, the donating atom becomes a __________ charged ion, and the receiving atom becomes a __________ charged ion. These ions are joined together by a/an ________ chemical bond. | positively; negatively; ionic |
| The element that forms the backbone of organic molecules is | carbon |
| The dissociation of a/an ________ releases hydrogen ions and increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. | acid |
| The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution increases from pH _______ to pH ________. | 14; 0 |
| A carbohydrate molecule consisting of glucose + fructose is a | disaccharide. |
| The monosaccharide that is the major carbohydrate fuel for body cells is | glucose |
| Select the organic compound in which the greatest amount of excess energy is stored in the body. | Triglycerides |
| Proteins are composed of subunits called __________ and functional proteins include _________, which speed up chemical reactions in the body. | amino acids; enzymes |
| DNA contains the genetic code, and | RNA carries the coded information to the sites of protein synthesis. |
| The molecule that provides immediate energy for cellular processes is | adenosine triphosphate. |
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