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Cell surfaces + junc

Biology exam 2-chapter 6 cell surfaces and junctions

QuestionAnswer
What is the extracellular matrix? A complex network of proteins and polysaccharides that provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells
Where is extracellular matrix located? Located outside the cells, filling the spaces between them in tissues and providing structural and biochemical support to the cells within those tissues
Where is extracellular matrix made? Made by residential cells within tissues
What is extracellular matrix made of? Fibrous proteins, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
What is extracellular matrix function? Structural support, cell adhesion, cell signaling, regulation of cellular activities
What is the structure of a plant cell wall? Primary cell wall, middle lamella, and secondary cell wall
Where is the plant cell wall located? Outside the cell membrane
What type of macromolecules make up the plant cell wall? Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, protein and glycoproteins
What is the function of the plant cell wall? Structural support, protection, and regulation
What are the different types of intercellular junctions? Plasmodesmata, gap junctions, tight junctions, desmosomes
What is the structure of plasmodesmata? Cytoplasmic sleeve, desmotubule, plasma membrane
What is the function of plasmodesmata? Transport and communication
What cells are found in the plasmodesmata? Found in plant cells, connected to cytoplasm of adjacent cells
What is the function of gap junctions? Intercellular communication and coordination of cellular activities
What is the structure of gap junctions? Connexons, connexins, and intercellular bridge
What cells are found in the gap junctions? Cardiac muscle cells, neurons, smooth muscle cells, epithetical cells, osteocytes
What is the structure of tight junctions? Transmembrane proteins, scaffold proteins, and sealing strands
What is the function of tight junctions? Barrier function, selective permeability, and maintaining cell polarity
What cells are found in the tight junctions? Epithelial cells, endothelial cells
What is the structure of desmosomes? Desmosomal cadherins, plaque proteins, intermediate filaments, spot welds
What is the function of desmosomes? Mechanical strength, cell adhesion, tissue integrity
Are plasmodesmata, gap junctions, tight junctions, and desmosomes similar or different from each other? Different because of each structure and function
What are different cell types for multicellular organisms? Nerve cells, muscle cells, epithelial cells, red blood cells, white blood cells, adipocytes
How are the cell types for multicellular organisms different from each other? Neurons transmit electrical signals, myocytes generate movement, epithelial cells form protective barriers, erythrocytes transport oxygen, leukocytes defend against infections, and adipocytes store energy
What are the organelles found in neurons? Nucleus, mitochondria, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and synaptic vesicles
What are the organelles found in muscles cells? Nucleus, numerous mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, transverse tubules (T-tubules), and myofibrils
What are the organelles found in epithelial cells? Nucleus, mitochondria, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and specialized structures like microvilli and cilia
What are the organelles that are found in red blood cells? Mature erythrocytes lack organelles to maximize space for hemoglobin
What are the organelles that are found in white blood cells? Nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, and Golgi apparatus
Created by: josie_d
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