Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP II Lab quiz I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| define hormone | a chemical released by a cell in one part of the body, that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism |
| Chemically, hromone sbelong chiefly to two molecular groups, the ___ and the ____. | steroids; amino acid-based molecules |
| what do all hormones have in common? | they are bloodborne |
| Define target organ | organs that respond to a particular hormone |
| If hormones travel in the bloodstream, why don't all tissues respond to all hormones? | they have structures which results in certain parts of the molecule being presented to cells |
| endocrine organ located in the throat; bilobed gland connected by an isthmus | thyroid gland |
| endocrine organ found close to the kidney | adrenal gland |
| endocrine organ that is a mixed gland, located close tot he stomach and small intestine | pancreas |
| endocrine organ paired glands suspended in the scrotum | gonads |
| endocrine organ that rides "horseback" on the thyroid gland | parathyroid gland |
| endocrine organ found in the pelvic cavity of the female, concerned with ova and female hormone production | ovaries |
| endocrine organ found in the upper thorax overlying the heart; large during youth | thymus gland |
| endocrine organ found in the roof of the third ventricle | pineal gland |
| what is the hormone and it's site that programs T lymphocytes? | thymosin;thymus |
| What are the hormones and their site that regulate blood calcium levels? | calcitonin,thyroid gland;PTH,parathyroid glands |
| What are the hormones and their site that release in response to stressors? | epinephrine,adrenal medulla;cortisone,adrenal cortex |
| what are the hormones and their site that drive development of secondary sexual characteristics? | estrogens,ovaries;testosterone,testes |
| what are the hormones and their site that regulate the function of antoher endocrine gland? | ACTH,anterior pituitary;TSH,anterior pituitary;FSH,anterior pituitary;LH, anterior pituitary |
| What is the hormone and it's site that mimics the sympathetic nervous system? | T4/T3,thyroid gland |
| What are the hormones and their site that regulate blood glucose leves; produced by the same "mixed" gland? | insulin,pancreas;glucagon,pancreas |
| What are the hormones and their site that are directly responsible for regulation of the menstrual cycle? | estrogens,ovaries;progesterone,ovaries |
| What are the hormones and their site that maintenance of salt and water balance in the extracellular fluid? | aldosterone,adrenal cortex;ADH,posterior pituitary |
| What are the hormones and their site that directly involve din milk production and ejection? | oxytocin,posterior pituitary;prolactin,anterior pituitary |
| in first activity in lab 1, which rat had the fastest basline metabolic rate? | normal rat |
| In 2nd activity in lab1, what effect did administering thyroxine have on each of the rats? | increased metabolic rate on normal rat |
| in 2nd activity in lab 1, explain why throxine increased metabolic rate. | because thyroxine controls the rate of metabolism and cellular oxidation |
| in 3rd activity in lab 1, was ther a change in the metabolic rate of the thyroidectomized rat with the administration of TSH?explain | yes, the metabolic rate increased; because TSH influences growth and acitivity of the thyroid gland |
| in 3rd activity in lab 1, describe the effect of administering propylthiouracil on each of the rats, and explain. | the metabolic rate decreased; because the injection inhabits production of thryroxine |
| trace a molecule of oxygen from the external nares to the pulmonary capillaries of the lungs: external nares-> | nasal cavity->inferior, superior, middle nasal conchae |
| What connects the larynx to the primary bronchi | trachea |
| site of tonsils | pharynx |
| food passageway posterior to the trachea | esophagus |
| covers the glottis during swallowing of food | epiglottis |
| contains the vocal cords | larynx |
| nerve that activates the diapthragm during inspiration | phrenic nerve |
| pleural layer lining the walls of the thorax | parietal pleura |
| site from which oxygen enters the pulmonary blood | alveolus |
| connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx | opening of pharyngotympanic tube |
| opening between the vocal folds | glottis |
| increases air turbulence in the nasal cavity | concha |
| separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity | palate |
| define endocrine****** | most common (classical)mode, hormones deleivered to target cells by blood |
| paracrine | hormone released diffuses to its target cells through immediate extracellular space; blood is not directly involved int he delivery |
| neuroendocrine | hormone is produced and released by a neuron, delivered to target cells by blood |
| autocrine | hormone released feeds-back on the cell of origin, again without entering blood circulation |
| What are the 6 main hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary(adenohypophysis) | growth hormone,thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone |
| What are the effects of the growth hormone? | body size, growth of muscle |
| What are the effects of the thyroid-stimulating hormone? | growth and thyroid activity |
| What are the effects of the adrenocorticotropic hormone? | regulates endocrine activity of the adrenal gland |
| What are the effects of the prolactin? | breast development and lactation after childbirth |
| What are the effects of the follicle-stimulating hormone? | gamete production and hormonal activity of the gonads |
| What are the effects of the luteinizing hormone? | gamete production and hormonal acitivty of the gonads |
| What are the two hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary(neurohypophysis)? | antidiuretic hormone(ADH);oxytocin |
| What are the hormones and their effects of the thyroid gland? | thyroid hormone(T4,T3); body metabolism and cellular oxidation |
| What is the hormone and effect of the parathyroid gland? | parathyroid hormone;calcium balance |
| What are the hormones and effects of the adrenal glands? | epinephrine,norepinephrine(flight or flight);aldosterone(water and electrolyte balance);glucocorticoids(increase blood glucose levels);gonadocrticoids(male and female sex hormones) |
| What are the hormones and effect of the pancreas? | insulin and glucagon; regulation of blood sugar |
| What are the hormones and effects of the gonads? | estrogen(secondary sex characteristics of femal body);testerone(male secondary sex characteristics) |
| What are the hormones and effects of the thymus? | thymosin and tymopoietin; help maturation and specialization of T cells (important to immunity) |
| What is the hormone and effects of the pineal gland? | melatonin;biological rhythms, inhibitory effects on the reproductive system in humans |
| ventilation | movement of air into and out of lungs; air moves from area of higher pressure to area of lower pressure; pressure is inversely related to volume |
| external respiration | gas exchange between air in lungs and blood;transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood |
| internal respiration | gas exchange between the blood and tissues |
| What are the respiratory system functions? | gas exchange, regulation of blood pH, voice production, olfaction,protection |
| gas exchange | oxygen enters blood and carbon dioxide leaves |
| regulation of blood pH | altered by changing blood carbon dioxide levels |
| voice production | movement of air past vocal folds makes sound and speech |
| olfaction | smell occurs when airborne molecules drawn into nasal cavity |
| protection | against microorganisms by preventing entry and removing them |
| What is in the upper tract of the respiratory system? | nose, pharynx and associated structures |
| What is in the lower tract of the respiratory system? | larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs |
| What are the functions of the nasal cavity? | passageway for air, cleans the air, humidifes(warms air),smell, along w/ paranasal sinuses are resonating chambers for speech |
| pharynx | common opening for digestive and respiratory systems |
| What are the 3 regions of the pharynx? | nasopharynx, oropharynx,laryngopharynx |
| What are the functions of the larynx? | maintain an open passageway for air movement;epiglottis and vestibular folds prevent swallowed material from moving into larynx; vocal folds are primary source of sound production |
| What is the conducting zone of the tracheobronchial tree? | trachea to terminal bronchioles which is ciliated for removal of debris; cartilage holds tube system opena nd smooth muscle controls tube diameter |
| What is the respiratory zone of the tracheobronchial tree? | respiratory bronchioles to alveoli; site for gas exchange |
| pleural fluid produced by pleural membranes: | acts as lubricant; helps hold parietal and visceral pleural membranes |
| surfactants | reduce surface tension by disrupting the cohesive forces between water molecules; results in an increase in lung compliance(how easy it is to inflate the lungs)and a decrease in the force needed to inflate the lungs |
| Dead space | air that does not participate in gas exchange |
| What are the 2 components of dead space? | anatomical and alveolar dead space |
| anatomical dead space | volume of the trachea and bronchi |
| alveolar dead space | volume of any alveoli that is not being perfused with blood |
| What are the pulmonary capacities | inspiratory capacity, functional residual capacity, vital capacity, total lung capacity |
| inspiratory capacity | tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume |
| functional residual capacity | expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume |
| vital capacity | sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume |
| total lung capacity | sum of inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes plus the tidal volume and residual volume |
| minute ventilation | total amount of air moved into and out of respiratory system per minute |
| respiratory rate or frequency | number of breaths taken per minute |
| anatomic dead space | part of respiratory system where gas exchange does not take place |
| alveolar ventilation | how much air per minute enters the parts of the repiratory system in which gas exchange takes place |
Created by:
kueeck
Popular Science sets