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Lipid bilayer & Osmo
Cell Membrane, Diffusion, and Osmosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The process of breaking down a substance into smaller pieces by another substance | to dissolve |
| a synonym for homogeneous mixture | solution |
| a mixture that is uniform throughout | homogeneous mixture |
| meaning of the prefix homo- | same, uniform |
| the substance that is doing the dissolving | sovent |
| the substance that is being broken down | solute |
| What is the universal solvent? | water |
| Why is water called the universal solvent? | because it dissolves most things |
| Ex: In a can of soda, what is the solute and solvent? | sugar and carbon dioxide are the solutes and water is the solvent |
| Ex: In filtered air, what is the solute and what is the solvent? | Nitrogen = 78% of air; therefore nitrogen is solvent, and oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, etc. are solutes |
| the amount of solute packed into a solvent | concentration |
| What happens to concentration as the amount of a solute increases? decreases? | increases=increased concentration decreases=decreased concentration |
| a solution that has a low amount of solute dissolved in a solvent | dilute |
| diffusion | The random motion of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached |
| What type of transport is simple diffusion? | passive transport |
| A type of transport that doesn't require energy. | passive transport |
| Concentration gradient | The difference in the amount of solute between two different areas |
| What happens to the rate of diffusion when the concentration gradient is high? | faster rate of diffusion |
| What happens to the rate of diffusion over time as the concentration gradient decreases? | The rate of diffusion decreases. |
| What does it mean to say that something goes along the concentration gradient? | It is moving from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| What are the two major components of the cell membrane? (Be able to draw and label) | phopholipid bilayer and transport proteins |
| What are the parts of a phospholipid? (Be able to draw and label) | a hydrophobic head and two hydrophilic tails |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane from a less concentrated to a more concentrated area |
| When do osmosis and/or diffusion end? | When equilibrium is reached. |
| A membrane that only allows certain molecules through | semi-permeable membrane |
| What is the function of the cell membrane? | To control what goes in and out of a cell |
| Why is osmosis necessary? | The cell membrane will only allow small particles to pass through, so water is the molecule that can get through the membrane. |
| In osmosis, in what direction do the water molecules move? | From a dilute to a concentrated area |
| Diffusion across a membrane requiring a protein channel | facilitated diffusion |
| Transport across a membrane that requires energy and moves solutes from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration | Active transport |
Created by:
vcanfield
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