Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Life Science Exam 2
Content From the Chapter 10 Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What building blocks form a DNA molecule? | Nucleotides |
| Which nitrogenous base pairs with guanine in a DNA molecule? | Cytosine |
| What molecule would be encoded by a DNA sequence? | Protein |
| What determines the structure of a protein? | The sequence of the amino acids it contains |
| What nitrogenous bases are found in ribonucleic acid (RNA)? | Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil |
| Which molecule remains in the nucleus during protein synthesis? | DNA |
| What sequence of molecules are used during protein synthesis? | DNA → RNA → protein |
| Which complementary base pairings occur between DNA and RNA? | G to C and A to U |
| What process produces a complementary RNA sequence from a DNA sequence template? | Transcription |
| Which RNA molecule carries the nucleotide sequence responsible for the amino acid sequence in proteins? | Messenger RNA |
| What nucleotide sequence, at the beginning of each gene, binds with RNA polymerase to start transcription? | Promoter |
| Which molecule is not directly involved in the process of translation? | DNA |
| What process resulted in a dramatic increase in milk production in modern dairy cows? | The use of recombinant bovine growth hormone |
| Which structure is found in the nucleotides of DNA but not in RNA? | Deoxyribose |
| How does RNA differ from DNA? | RNA is single-stranded |
| When genes are copied (in transcription), what form does the resulting copy take? | Strand of mRNA |
| Which molecule serves as the template during transcription? | DNA |
| Which molecule serves as the template during translation? | mRNA |
| What is the function of tRNA molecules during translation? | They carry amino acids to the ribosome |
| Which structure always contains three nucleotides? | An anticodon |
| What signal, when present at the ribosome, causes protein synthesis to end? | A stop codon |
| What type of mutation produces no significant change in a functional protein? | Neutral mutation |
| A neutral mutation changes the codon CUU to CUC, which still codes for leucine. What characteristic allows more than one codon to encode the same amino acid? | The redundancy of the genetic code |
| How does gene expression differ in muscle and nerve cells? | Muscle cells and nerve cells express different subsets of the same genes |
| What DNA sequence is complementary to CGGTGAACTGTA? | GCCACTTGACAT |
| According to the figure, what difference is shown between DNA and RNA? | The type of nitrogen-containing base |
| What sequence of mRNA is made from the gene GCATTACAGGTC? | CGUAAUGUCCAG |
| Which polymer is made of nucleotides? | mRNA |
| Which structure "unzips" the double helix of DNA during transcription? | RNA polymerase |
| What situation results from a frameshift mutation? | One or two nucleotides are added or deleted in a DNA strand |
| How are proteins changed to become recombinant proteins? | By genetically modified bacteria |
| What term describes all the genes in an organism? | Genome |
| What are the "highly specific molecular scissors" that cut DNA? | Restriction Enzymes |
| What possible harmful environmental effects are of concern regarding GM crops? | The transfer of genetically modified genes to weedy relatives |
| Why have tomatoes been genetically modified? | To increase flavor and customer appeal |
| Why was beta-carotene inserted into GM golden rice? | To better synthesize vitamin A in the body |
| What organisms contain a gene from a different species in their genome? | Transgenic organisms |
| What undifferentiated cells are used in therapeutic cloning? | Stem cells |
| Why are stem cells used in therapeutic cloning? | To produce healthy tissues as replacements for damaged ones |
| What process is used to clone livestock animals like sheep? | Nuclear transfer |
| What is pharming? | The use of genetically modified organisms to produce medical treatments |
| In what tissues can adult stem cells be found? | Adult stem cells can be found in bone marrow and the liver |
| What nonembryonic tissues are sources of stem cells? | Primary teeth |
| What conclusions did the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) make regarding milk from cows treated with recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH)? | No detectable difference exists for milk from treated and untreated cows. |
| What is CRISPR technology? | A tool for gene editing in crop plants and animals |
| Why is CRISPR technology currently being used? | To edit genes in malaria-causing mosquitoes |
Created by:
FaithMcBaith
Popular Science sets