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BIOL2210 Viruses
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who isolated tobacco mosaic virus | Wendell Stanley |
| Viruses dont | eat,breath,no locomotion |
| Viruses contain either, | DNA or RNA |
| How do viruses reproduce? | gets the host cell to reproduce |
| What was the first type of virus | polyhedral virus, 20 trianglear faces and 12 corners |
| This type of virus's nucleic acid is surrounded by capsids which form long hollow rods | helical viruses |
| The virus capsids determine what | type of virus and antigenicity of virus |
| Plaque is a | killing field where viruses attack cells; dead bacteria |
| Viruses can be provirus, a part of genome of bacteria called | prophage (bacteria doesnt recognize anything is different and will divide w/copy of its dna |
| E.coli, prophage contains a gene to metabolize what | sugar |
| What has no envelope | DNA virus |
| The process where an RNA virus which makes DNA is called | reverse transcription |
| When a disease processes occurs over a long period of time, generally fatal, this is | persistant viral infections |
| When a virus remains in asymptomatic host cell for long periods, this is | latent viral infections |
| Who made the patent on insulin humilinn | eli lilly |
| What is the cause of genital warts | human papillomavirus (hpv) |
| What nonenveloped polyhedral virus causes resp illness and tonsillitis,stomach flu, conjunctivitis | adenoviruses |
| Variola major and variola minor are two types of viruses that cause | smallpox |
| What virus was successfully eradicated | smallpox |
| Chicken pox is a highly contageous illness caused by | varicella zoster (herpes related) |
| Shingles is the result of | chicken pox having been latent in the nerve cells for many years |
| Burkitts lymphoma is cancer of the | lymphatic system (kaposi's sarcoma) |
| What RNA virus only has 10 genes on 8 single strand DNA molecules | orthomyxoviruses |
| Orthomyxoviruses are shared between | birds and pigs or pigs and humans |
| Glycoprotein spikes of two types that are capable of "mix and match" causing antigenic shift are | H and N |
| spanish,asian,hong kong,avian,and swine are all | influenza A pandemics |
| What enveloped virus causes liver cancer,cirrhosis of the liver and has the reverse transcriptase enzyme | hepatitis c |
| What nonenveloped virus causes polio | poliovirus |
| What polyhedral virus causes the most common viral infections | rhinovirus |
| This enveloped virus causes ebola hemorrhagic fever | ebola virus |
| This nonenveloped virus causes german measles | rubella virus |
| This virus causes rabies | rabies virus |
| This virus has four major routes of transmission | AIDS |
| What virus' is enveloped with reverse transcriptase enzyme | HIV & Hepatitus C |
| nonenveloped:rubella,polio--enveloped:HIV,rabies,eloba,hepatitis C,herpes,orthomyxoviruses----polyhedral:rhinovirus---nonenveloped polyhedral:adenovirus | types of virus |
| Modes of viral attack are | attach,endocytosis,penetration, and uncoating |
| What are the 4 ways to transmit AIDS | 1. Unprotected sexual contact, 2. Contaminated needles, 3. Breast Milk, 4. At birth from mother to her baby |
| What virus has a very long latent period? | Rabies |
| When symptoms of rabies show up, what results | Death |
| Is the Ebola virus a DNA or RNA virus? | RNA |
| What is the structural shape of the Rhinovirus? | Polyhedral |
| Is the Rhinovirus a DNA or RNA virus? | RNA |
| How are the different types of the rhinoviruses differentiated? | Surface proteins |
| Which viruses change faster, RNA or DNA? | RNA viruses |
| How many H and N types are there? | 16H, 9N, 144 total |
| How many Adenoviruses are there in humans? | 53 |
| What virus has a polyhedral structure and infects the skin & mucous membranes? | Human Papillomvirus (HPV) |
| HPV can cause cancer of: | vulva, cervix, vagina, anus, and penis |
| When a virus becomes surrounded by an envalope, the envalope is made up of: | Lipids, Proteins, and Carbohydrates derived from the host cell membranes |
| Some envaloped viruses have spikes that are used for: | attachment to a host cell and to identify the viruses. |
| What are the steps for the Lytic cycle? | 1. Attachment, 2. Penetration (inject DNA), 3. Biosynthesis (Make Components), 4. Maturation (assemble components into viruses), 5. Release via host cell lyses |
| What are the steps for the Lysogenic cycle? | 1. Attachment, 2. DNA circularizes, 3. Phage DNA integrates into the bacterial DNA, 4. Lysogenic bacterium reproduces normally, 5. Prophage may separate from the bacterial chromosome iniating a Lytic cycle |
Created by:
brian.belson
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