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BIOL2210 Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To ID species of bacteria, you need to look @ | Ribosomal rNA |
| Some human diseases spread by anthropod vectors are | E.coli/Salmonella/Vibrio |
| What is the closest known bacterial relative to mitochondiria | Genus: RickettsiaHelicobacteria |
| What are the two gram neg soil bacteria that are endosymbyotic nitrogen fixing with the roots of legumes? | Genus: Azospirillum Genus: Rhizobium |
| This plant pathogen causes "crown gall disease" or plant cancer by altering the plasmid in plant cell. Ti plasmid contains gene (T-gene)for inducing tumors in plants and makes a protein called opines | Genus: Agrobacterium |
| Obligate intracellular parasite that changes shape, is the closest known relative to the mitochondria and causes diseases | Rickettsia |
| Three species of Rockettsia are: | Species R.typhi = typhus = rat flea vector; Species R.rickettsii = Rocky Mtn Spotted Fever = tick vector; Species R. prowazekii = epidemic typhus = lice vector |
| What phylum has the largest number of members? | Proteobacteria |
| What is used to identify the species of the domain Bacteria? | rRNA |
| Which class of Proteobacteria includes many pathogens of agricultural importance? | Alpha |
| What is Mutualism Symbiosis? | Lives together and neith party is harmed by the other |
| What are the two soil bacteria that fix nitrogen in the roots of legume plants? | Azospirillum and Rhizobium |
| What is a plant pathogen that causes crown gall disease? | Argobacterium tumefaciens |
| What is the protein that Argobacterium tumefaciens produce? | Opines |
| What is the gene that induces tumors in dicot plants and where is it located? | The T-Gene and it is located in the Ti Plasmid |
| What genus is highly pleiomorphic and an obligate intracellular paracite? | Rickettsia |
| How is Rickettsia transmitted? | arthropod vectors |
| What group of diseases does Rickettsia belong to? | Spotted fever group |
| what damage does Rickettsia do? | It causes phagocytosis in the host cell and damages the permiability of the capillaries |
| What did Dr. Howard Taylor Ricketts inject himself with to measure its effects? | Rickettsia rickettsii |
| What does Rickettsia typhi cause and how is it transmitted? | Typhus; The rat flea |
| What does Rickettsia rickettsii cause and how is it transmitted? | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Tick |
| What does Rickettsia prowazekii cause and how is it transmitted? | epidemic typhus; lice |
| What is the closest know relative to mitochondria through its genome sequencing? | Rickettsia prowazekii |
| What lead to the death of Dr. Howard Taylor Ricketts and Dr. Stanislaus von Prowazek? | Typhus |
| What infects 75% of insects and can kill or feminize the males? | Wolbachia |
| What two bacteria genus reproduce by budding? | Caulobacter and Hyphomicrobium |
| What genus forms stalks to anchor them, found in low nutrient aquatic enviroments, and is a facultative halophile? | Caulobacter |
| What causes meningococcus meningitis? | Nesseria meningitidis |
| How many cases of Nesseria meningitidis occur annually in the US? | 2500 - 3500 |
| What causes gonorrhea? | Nesseria gonorrhoeae |
| What genus is chemoautrophic and a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria? | Thiobacillus |
| What genus is chemoheterotrophic and forms hollow, filamentous sheaths? | Sphaerotilus |
| What opportunistic microbe is responsible for many nosocomial infection, has a high resistance to antibiotics, and spoins refrigerated food? | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| What causes conjunctivitis or pink eye? | Moraxella lacunata |
| What does Legionella pneumophili cause? | legionellosis, a pneumonia-like condition |
| What causes cholera? | Vibrio cholerae, a bent rod with flagellum |
| What are faculative anaerobes that inhabit the intestine, are gram negative, and have fimbriae? | Enterobacteriales |
| What is an enteric that metabolizes lactose? | Coliforms |
| What does the presence of coliforms indicate? | There are pathogenic organisms of fecal origin may be present |
| What is the most studied bacteria that indicates fecal contamination of food or water? | Escherichia coli |
| What strain of E. coli causes food poisoning? | O157:H7 |
| Who was the first to identify Salmonella? | Daniel Salmon |
| What species of salmonella are considered pathogenic? | All species |
| Where is Salmonella found? | Intestinal tract of poultry, cattle, and humans |
| What does Salmonella Typhi cause? | typhoid fever |
| Salmonella typhimurium was used by whom? | Researchers in the Ames assay |
| Who was the first "healthy carrier" of Typhoid fever discovered in the US? | Mary Mallon (Typhoid Mary) |
| What causes bacillary dysentery? | Shigella |
| What do all enterics have in common? | Gram Negative; Rods; Peritrichous |
| What is capsulated and can cause pneumonia? | Klebsilla pneumoniae |
| This level 2 bacteria produces an orange-red pigment called prodigiosin | Serratia |
| Serratia can cause what type of infections? | Urinary, respiratory, wound, and eye |
| What bacteria have peritrichous flagella making them very motile and is an opportunistic microbe? | Proteus |
| Proteus bacteria can cause what type of infections? | Wound and urinary |
| What bacteria is sometimes associated with urinary and respiratory infections? | Enterobacter cloacae |
| what bacteria takes three main forms: pneumonic, septicemic, bubonic plague? | Yersinia pestis |
| What bacteria lives in the periplasmic space of gram negative bacteria and causes lysis of the host bacteria? | Bdellovibrio |
| What bacteria is a single-species biofilm called a swarm, hunts in 'wolf packs' and leaves a slime trail? | Myxococcus xanthus |
| What bacteria weakens the mucous coating of the stomach allowing both acid and bacteria to cause a sore or an ulcer. | Helicobacter pylori |
| The Helicobacter pylori contain flagella in what arrangement? | 4 - 6 |
| Why can Helicobacter pylori survive in the stomach? | It secretes enzymes that nutralize the acid |
| What can produce an inflammatory, sometimes bloody, diarrhea or dysentery? | Campylobacter |
| What nonproteobacteria is known as the blue green algae that is photosynthetic oxygenic bacteria? | Cyanobacteria |
| What Cyanobacteria is filamentous? | Anabaena |
| What Cyanobacteria is colonial? | Gleocapsa |
| What is the genus of filamentous cyanobacteria which is named for the oscillation in its movement and orients itself to the light source? | oscillatoria |
| What are layered accretionary structures formed in shallow water and include some of the oldest records on earth? | Stromatolites or stromatolite fossils |
| What genus and species is a bacteria that causes a human sexually transmitted disease and eye infections? | Chlamydia trachomatis |
| What genus and species is a bacteria that has a complex lifecycle and is an obligate intracellular pathogen? | Chlamydia pneumoniae |
| What bacteria have axial filament motality? | Spirochaetes |
| Birrelia burgdorferi is a species of gram negative bacteria of the spirochete class that causes what disease? | Lyme disease |
| What vector carries Birrelia burgdorferi? | Deer Tick |
| What motile spirochaete causes syphilis? | Treptonema pallidum |
| What is an endospore former that produces powerful exotoxins and is an obligate anaerobe? | Clostridium |
| What causes tetanus and produces the exotoxins tetanospasmin (lockjaw, muscle contraction)? | Clostridium tetani |
| What is the most common bacterial agent for Gas Gangrene and can cause food poisoning?q | Clostridium perfringens |
| What is Gas Gangrene? | The putrefaction and necrosis of tissue |
| What bacteria does not have a cell wall making it highly resistant to penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics and are pleimorphic and causes walking pneumonia? | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| What causes staph infections and lives on the skin and mucous membranes? | Staphylococcus aureus |
| What is difficult to treat, resistant to beta-lactams, and often received while in the hospital or long term care facilities? | Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) |
| What bone infection often requires prolonged antibiotic therapy and may lead to amputation? | Osteiomylitis |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is very rare but potentially fatal due to a bacterial toxin created by? | Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes |
| What is a carbuckle? | A large, contageous abscesses with one or more openings draining pus |
| What is a furuncle? | A boil on the skin, smaller than a carbuckle |
| What causes advanced flesh eating disease? | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| Name two of the flesh eating disease's that Streptococcus pyogenes can cause? | Impetigo and Strep throat |
| Scarlet fever is a disease caused by an exotoxin released by: | Streptococcus pyogenes |
| An endospore producing bacteria that causes anthrax is: | Bacillus anthracis |
| Blank for printing | Blank for printing |
| E. coli O157:H7 can cause: a. food poisoning b. atypical pneumonia c. tuberculosis d. crown gall disease | a. food poisoning |
| Pseudomonas aeroginosa is best illustrated by: a. contains many unique genes b. causes malaria c. causes conjunctivitis d. causes vaginitis | a. contains many unique genes |
| Sarcodina members undergo locomotion by: a. cilia b. flagella c. pseudopods d. they do not undergo locomotion | c. pseudopods |
| Causes peptic ulcers: a. Staphylococcus aureus b. Helicobacter pylori c. Streptococcus pyogenes d. Legionella species | b. Helicobacter pylori |
| Photosynthetic bacteria are: a. cyanobacteria b. Streptococcus c. Borrelia d. Bacillus e. Oscillatoria | a. cyanobacteria |
| One of the diseases caused by Salmonella is: a. lockjaw b. typhoid c. Rocky Mountain spotted fever d. MRSA | b. typhoid |
| All of the following are enteric bacteria except: a. Proteus b. Shigella c. Escherichia d. Anabaena | d. Anabaena |
| The Tsetse fly is the vector for: a. malaria b. African sleeping sickness c. hookworm d. tuberculosis | b. African sleeping sickness |
| Bdellovibrio: a. attacks, reproduces, and eventually lyse gram negative bacteria b. are acid fast c. form endospore d. can cause gas gangrene | a. attacks, reproduces, and eventually lyse gram negative bacteria |
| Moraxella lacunata can cause: a. typhoid b. pneumonia c. paralytic shelfish poisoning d. conjunctivitis | d. conjunctivitis |
| Treptonema: a. can cause leprosy b. composes lichen c. can cause syphilis d. is a plant pathogen | c. can cause syphilis |
| Flesh-eating bacteria belong to the genus: a. Proteus b. Streptococcus c. Plasmodium d. Amoeba | b. Streptococcus |
| Alexandrium: a. produces a neurotoxin that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning b. causes osteomylitis c. is a filamentous, photosynthetic bacteria d. moves by axial filaments | a. produces a neurotoxin that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning |
| Phytoplankton that live in the oceans are: a. protozoa b. fungi c. algae d. zooplankton | c. algae |
| Impetigo can be caused by: a. Streptococcus b. Borrelia c. Bacillus d. Alexandrium | a. Streptococcus |
| Which of the below is an endospore producer? a. Mycobacterium leprae b. Clostridium perfringens c. Rickettsia typhi d. Neisseria gonorrhoeae | b. Clostridium perfringens |
| Protozoa are classified according to which criterion? a. mode of reproduction b. pigment production c. mode of locomotion d. amount of peptidoglycan in their cell walls | c. mode of locomotion |
| Pseudopods as a means of locomotion belong to the phylum: a. Mastigophora Pseudopods as a means of locomotion belong to the phyluma. Mastigophorab. Sarcodinac. Apicomplexad. Ciliophora c. Apicomplexa d. Ciliophora | b. Sarcodina |
| Hyphae are structures associated which type of microorganisms? a. helminths b. flukes c. fungi d. amoeba | c. fungi |
| Typhoid Mary was a carrier of typhoid fever. The bacteria causing typhoid belongs to the genus: a. Agrobacterium b. Staphylococcus c. Salmonella d. Legionella | c. Salmonella |
| All of the following are associated with Fungi in some way except: a. spores b. yeast c. belong to the kingdom Protista d. septate hyphae | c. belong to the kingdom Protista |
| Algae are classified according to their: a. mode of sexual reproduction b. pigment production c. mode of locomotion d. amount of chitin in their cell walls | b. pigment production |
| Malaria is caused by: a. Klebsiella b. Cryptosporidium c. Plasmodium d. Trichomonas | c. Plasmodium |
| All fungi are: a. oxygenic b. chemoautotrophic c. obligate intracellular parasites d. chemoheterotrophic | d. chemoheterotrophic |
| Plasmodial slime molds belong to the domain: a. Fungi b. Archea c. Prokaryote d. Eukarya | d. Eukarya |
| Schistosoma is a type of: a. fluke b. parasitic roundworm c. hookworm d. pathogenic protozoa | a. fluke |
| The phylum to which Rhizopus (bread mold) belongs to is: a. Zygomycotina b. Deuteromycotina c. Basidiomycotina d. Ascomycotina | a. Zygomycotina |
| A pathogenic yeast capable of causing infections is: a. Candida albicans b. Proteus vulgaris c. Klebsiella pneumoniae d. Tinea capitis | a. Candida albicans |
| Lichens are: a. a mutualistic combination of an alga or cyanobacteria and a fungus b. Rhizobium living in nodules of the roots of legumes c. crown galls formed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of plants d. cysts formed by helminthes | a. a mutualistic combination of an alga or cyanobacteria and a fungus |
| Green algae belong to the phylum: a. Rhodophyta b. Ciliophora c. Phaeophyta d. Chlorophyta | d. Chlorophyta |
| Entamoeba hystolytica is a parasite belonging to the grouping: a. protozoa b. fungi c. helminth d. algae | a. protozoa |
| The proglottid is found in: a. Trichinella b. hookworm c. seaweed d. tapeworm | d. tapeworm |
| Ciliophora all have this in common: a. are flagellated b. are ciliated c. move by pseudopodia d. are nonmotile | b. are ciliated |
| Sac fungi belong to the phylum: a. Zygomycotina b. Deuteromycotina c. Basidiomycotina d. Ascomycotina | d. Ascomycotina |
| Bread mold belongs to the phylum: a. Zygomycotina b. Deuteromycotina c. Basidiomycotina d. Ascomycotina | a. Zygomycotina |
| Tinea species can cause: a. amoeboid dysentery b. ringworm c. red tide d. influenza | b. ringworm |
| Viruses are: a. about the same size as the typical bacterial cell b. obligate intracellular parasites c. composed of prokaryotic cells d. can reproduce outside of their host cell | b. obligate intracellular parasites |
| Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme: a. of the bacteriophage that causes lysis of E. coli b. that can make DNA from RNA c. that can make RNA from DNA d. secreted by some viruses to kill bacteria | b. that can make DNA from RNA |
| All of the following are characteristics of influenza A except: a. is a member of Orthomyxoviruses b. capable of causing smallpox c. has 10 genes on 8 RNA molecules d. the bird and pig share this viruses and the pig and human share this virus | b. capable of causing smallpox |
| DNA is the genetic material of which virus? a. retrovirus b. bacteriophage c. hepatitis C d. influenza | b. bacteriophage |
| When viral DNA incorporates itself into the genome of human DNA, the viral DNA becomes: a. a provirus b. destroyed c. a prophage d. a bacteriophage | a. a provirus |
| Retroviruses have all of the following structure except: a. an envelope b. a capsid c. tail fibers d. two RNA molecules e. two reverse transcriptase molecules | c. tail fibers |
| If viruses are considered living, it is probably because they: a. undergo respiration b. are motile c. have numerous organelles in their cytoplasm d. have the capacity for reproducing within a host cell | d. have the capacity for reproducing within a host cell |
| A sheath, base plate, collar and tail fibers are structures of the: a. bacteriophage b. AIDS virus c. tobacco mosaic virus d. adenovirus | a. bacteriophage |
| Helicobacter pylori ==> MRSA | False |
| Plasmodium ==> malaria | True |
| Agrobacterium ==> crown gall disease | True |
| Phaeophyta ==> a phylum of fungus | False |
| Tinea ==> causes fungal infections | True |
| Rickettsia rickettsii ==> Rocky Mountain spotted fever | True |
| Moraxella lacunata ==> causes conjunctivitis | True |
| Pseudomonas aeroginosa ==> genome contains many novel genes not found in other bacteria | True |
| Streptococcus pyogenes ==> causes flesh eating disease | True |
| Sulfolobolus ==> type of Archaea | True |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae ==> causes syphilis | False |
| All fungi are ==> photosynthetic | False |
| Mastigaphora ==> move by flagella | True |
| Apicomplexa ==> all members nonmotile | True |
| Closteridium tetani ==> pathogen for tuberculosis | False |
| Rhizobium ==> enteric | False |
| What phylum has a high guanine-cytosine ratio and is gram positive? | Actinobacteria |
| What does Gardnerella vaginalis cause? | Vaginitis |
| What does mycobacterium tuberculosis cause? | Tuberculosis - Also is acid fast and resists phagocytosis |
| What does mycobacterium leprae cause? | Leprosy |
| Sulfolobolus live in what type of an enviroment? | Hyperthermophile |
| What do euryarchaeota Methanobacterium produce and what do they assist with? | They produce methane gas and aid with digestion |
| Halobacteriumare what type of organism? | extreme halophiles |
| Thiomargarita namibiensis in known as the ______ bacteria? | Largest |
| The smallestknown bacteria are called: | nanobacteria (nanobes) |
| The study of fungus is called: | mycology |
| Fungi are classified by? | Mode of reproduction |
| Are fungi more closely related to animals or plants? | Animals |
| Fungi are composed of what type of cells? | eukaryotic cells |
| Fungi are what type of organisms? | heterotrophic |
| The two types of hypha are: | Septate and coenocytic |
| The fungal phyla are: | Zygomycotina, Ascomycotina, basidiomycotina, and deuteromycotina |
| The fungal phyla that has coenocytic hyphae, sporangiospores, and zygospores is called? | Zygomycotina |
| Rhizopus stolonifer (bread mold) is in which phylum? | Zygomycotina |
| The fungal phyla that has septate hyphae, conidiospores, and ascospores is called? | Ascomycotina |
| The fungal phyla that has septate hyphae, conidiospores, and basidiospores is called? | basidiomycotina |
| The imperfect fungi that infects humans is in which fungal phylum? | deuteromycotina |
| Pathogenic fungi are called: | Tinea - ex: ringworm, athlete's foot, Jock itch |
| Candia albicans can have two forms. these are: | yeast and mycelial morphology |
| examples of Candia albicans would be: | genital infections (vaginitis) and oral infections (thrush) |
| Mutualistic combination of algae or cyanobacterium and fungus which are soil builders are called: | Lichens |
| What dinoflagellata makes a neurotoxin that causes paralytic shellfish poisoning? | Alexandrium |
| What phylum has pectin and silica cell walls and can store oil? | Bacillariophyta |
| Red algae is in what phylum? | Rhodophyta |
| Brown algae (kelp) is an advanced form of structure and is harvested for algin is: | Phaeophyta |
| Protozoa belongs to which kingdom? | Protista |
| What is the purpose of pseudopods? | A method of locomotion |
| The Protozoa phyla are: | Sarcodina, Mastigaphora, Ciliophora, Apicomplexa |
| What is contracted by fecal contamination, causes amoebic dysentery (cell lysis) and infects approximately 10% of all humans? | Sarcodina |
| What is the name of the only pathogenic amoeba? | Entamoeba histolytica |
Created by:
brian.belson
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