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Carbs & lipids

Food and biomolecules 5th year biology

TermDefinition
Benefits of food Source of energy To make chemicals for metabolic For growth and repair (respiration)
Autotroph An organism that makes its own food eg green plant
Heterotroph Has to obtain food from another source
4 major biomolecules Carbohydrates Lipids Protein Vitamins/ Minerals
Carbohydrate formula Cx(H20)y
Monosaccharide One sugar unit
Disaccharide 2 sugar units bonded together
Polysaccharide Many sugar units bonded together
Monosaccharide examples Fructose or glucose
Disaccharide examples Maltose (2x glucose) Sucrose (glucose+fructose) Lactose (glucose+galactose)
Polysaccharide examples Starch Cellulose Glycogen
Starch Storage carb in plants
Cellulose Structural carb in plants
Glycogen Storage carb in animals
Carbohydrate enzymes Amylase Maltase
Lipid biomolecules Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Triglyceride Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Phospholipids Phosphate + 2 fatty acids
Phospholipid role Structural purpose in the cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)
Where is cholesterol made The liver and consumed by the foods we eat
Risks of cholesterol Restricts blood flow and reduces oxygen levels to the heart and brain
Lipase Enzyme that breaks down fats
Where is lipase released from The pancreas
Created by: EObrienHart
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