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chaptertwo2
Earth as a System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| core | central part of the Earth, made up of a solid inner and liquid outer |
| mantle | solid layer of rock between Earth’s crust and core |
| crust | thin, solid outermost layer of the Earth |
| lithosphere | solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
| asthenosphere | solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; flows slowly which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it |
| seismic waves | vibrations that travel through the Earth, and bend when entering different density materials |
| gravity | force of attraction that exists between all matter |
| mass | the amount of matter that makes up an object |
| weight | the strength of the pull of gravity on an object |
| open system | a system in which both energy and matter are exchanged with the surroundings |
| closed system | a system in which energy, but not matter, is exchanged with the surroundings |
| atmosphere | a mixture of gases that surrounds an planet or a moon |
| hydrosphere | the liquid portion of the Earth |
| geosphere | the mostly solid, rocky part of the Earth |
| biosphere | the part of the Earth where life exists; includes all living things |
| water cycle | the continuous movement of water from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface and back to the atmosphere |
| ecosystem | a community of organisms and the environment they inhabit |
| carrying capacity | the largest population that an environment can support at any given time |
| photosynthesis | the chemical process by which green plants, in the presence of sunlight, take in carbon dioxide and water an produce oxygen and organic molecules |
| food web | the relationships between multiple food chains (sequence of organisms consuming other organisms) |
| pollution | contamination of the environment with harmful waste products or impurities |
| graduated cylinder | piece of lab equipment which measures volume of irregular-shaped objects; units are in milliliters |
| triple beam balance | piece of lab equipment which measures the mass of an object; units are in grams |
| density | the mass of an object divided by its volume; units are mass unit divided by volume unit |
| metric system | the International System of Measurements (SI); includes such units as grams, liters, and meters |
| scientific notation | a way to express numbers as a power of ten multiplied by another number that has only one digit to the left of the decimal point |
Created by:
sisteele
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