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68WM6
68W-M6 Human Growth and Development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Growth | Progressive anatomic and physiologic increase in size |
| Development | increase in function or the gradual process of change and differentiation; Simple to complex |
| Development is affected by: | Experiences, genes, family, environment |
| personality | unique combination of characteristics that results in the individual's recurrent behavior pattern |
| life expectancy | the average number of years a person will probably live, around 77 years |
| Infant mortality rate | refers to the number of deaths before the end of the first year of life |
| neonatal | first 30 days of life |
| infancy | 30 days to 1 year |
| toddler | 1 to 3 years |
| preschool | 3 to 5 years |
| school age | 6 to 12 years |
| adolescence | 13 to 19 years |
| early adulthood | 20 to 40 years |
| middle adulthood | 40 to 65 years |
| late adulthood | 65 and older |
| the ID | the unconscious self that is present at birth, seeks pleasure, survival, reduce tension, comfort. Does not change with experience |
| the EGO | the reality factor (pragmatic) stand for reason and good sense. |
| the SUPEREGO | learns ti delay immediate gratification for socially appropriate reaasons, moral guidance/conscience. Develops from ego. Self observation and formation of ideas |
| Developmental Task: Infancy | Basic trust vs mistrust |
| Developmental Task: Toddler | Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt |
| Developmental Task: Preschool | Initiative vs guilt |
| Developmental Task: School age | Industry vs inferiority |
| Developmental Task: Adolescence | Identity vs Role confusion |
| Developmental Task: Young Adult | Intimacy vs Isolation |
| Developmental Task: Middle Adult | Generativity vs stagnation |
| Developmental Task: Late Adult | Ego Integrity vs despair |
| Psychosocial Development Theory | Erikson |
| Theory of Cognitive Development | Piaget |
| Sensorimotor Stage (Birth to 2 years) | Intelligence gained and developed through sense and motor activity. Knowledge of world limited. Object permanence (7 month) Cause and effect, time of day |
| Preoperational Stage (2 to 7 years) | Egocentric, attributes life to inanimate objects, understand one bit of information and a time but not abstract relationships, launguage develops, pretend play, logic, rules |
| Concrete Operational Stage (7 to 11 years) | 7 types of conservation: Numbers, Length, Liquid, Mass, Weight, Area, Volume. Egocentric thought diminishes, realistic understanding of world, present oriented |
| Formal Operational (Adolescense to Adulthood) | Intelligence demonstated through the use of logic, symbols, abstract concepts. Early return to egocentrism, future oriented, morality |
| Nuclear family | Married man and woman, with or w/o children |
| Extended family | nuclear plus family members, same household |
| Single parent family | divorce, seperation, death, abandonment. |
| Blended Family | Stepfamily, results from remarriage, conflicting loyalty, can bea fearful of love and trust |
| Social Contract Family/Cohabitation | Unmarried couple living together |
| Homosexual Family | Same sex couple, children natural or adopted |
| Adoptive Family | Family with adopted children |
| Foster Family | Natural parents unable to care for children, temporary usually |
| Infant Vital Signs | Temp, Pulse, Resp Rates above adult norms, B/P lower |
| Infants can sit up unsupported and crawl usually at: | 7 months |
| Infants can creep at: | 9 months |
| Infants can stand and walk usually by: | 8-15 months |
| Infant language development | Babbles at 3 months, 1 word used in a row for each year of age |
| Breast Milk (or formula) is used exculsively for: | 4-6 months |
| Infants require about how many hours of sleep? | 18 hours |
| Infant play is: | solitary |
| Toddler vocabulary by age 2 | 450 words |
| Toddler vocabulary by age 3 | 900 words |
| Primary teeth erupt at age: | 2 years |
| Toddler vital signs: | Pulse 90-120, BP 80 to 100 over 64, Temp 98-99, Resp 20-30 |
| Rule of thumb for serving sizes: | 1 Tablespoon for each year of age |
| Toddler play is: | parallel |
| Preschooler's vision | farsighted, 20/20 develops by age 5 |
| Preschooler's vital signs | Pulse: 70-110, Resp 23, BP 110/60, Temp 97-99 |
| Preschooler's play | Cooperative, pretend play, dramatic, imaginary friends |
| School age children's primary teeth erupts around age | 6 years, 4 each year |
| School age children's vital signs | Pulse 55-90, Resp 22-24, BP 110/65 |
| Adolescence begins at: | Puberty; menarche in females, sperm production in males |
| presbyopia | farsightedness |
| presbycusis | hearing loss |
| Common threats to adequate diet: | poor oral health, lack of appetite, food intolerances, constipation, psychosocial, economic, loneliness, inability to shop or prepare meals |
| Factors affecting sleep: | alcohol, medications, caffeine, stress, noise, temperature |
| Freud's Theory of Growth and Development | Psychoanalytical |
Created by:
jedimedic
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