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MTA BIOL 1001

MIDTERM ONE PREP

QuestionAnswer
The first stage of mitosis and its purpose Prophase, where
The second stage of mitosis and its purpose Prometaphase
The third stage of mitosis and its purpose Metaphase
The fourth stage of mitosis and its purpose Anaphase
The fifth stage of mitosis and its purpose Telophase
First stage of cell division and its purpose G1, where the cell checks for cell size, nutrients and energy, DNA damage, and growth factors.
Second stage of cell division and its purpose S, where DNA gets replicated within the cell.
Third stage of cell division and its purpose G2, where the cell checks for DNA damage and the completion of DNA replication.
The fourth stage of cell division and its purpose M, where the five stages mitosis take place, as well as cytokinesis,
Chromatin DNA plus its proteins (histones), the basic structure of DNA.
Chromosomes Condensed chromatin, the more complex structure of DNA.
Chromatid Strands of replicated chromosomes.
Somatic Cells Non-reproductive cells, contain two sets of chromosomes.
Gametes Reproductive cells, contain one set of chromosomes.
What is a diploid cell? Cells with two sets of chromosomes (2x23 for humans).
What is a haploid cell? Cells with one set of chromosomes
Karyotype Visual representation of the complete set of chromosomes in a cell.
Homologous Are genes in the same order, but their traits may be different.
What are the phases of the cell cycle? Interphase -> Mitotic phase.
What happens during interphase? It is broken down into three subphases: G1, S, G2.
Nucleoli Large structure in the nucleus, the site of ribosome biogenesis.
Centrosomes Organelles that organize microtubules.
What happens during G2 of interphase? The nuclear envelop encloses the nucleus, two centrosomes form.
Created by: calhouncouch
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