Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or

show password
Forgot Password?

Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or

Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account.
Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.


Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Y11 Genetics

Vocabulary for Year 11 Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Genetic Variation The genetic differences between organisms within a population
Meiosis A type of cell division used to produce sex cells (gametes) with half the number of chromosomes, produces 4 cells that are different to each other, and to the parent cell.
Gamete Sex cells- male (sperm) female (egg) that contain half the number of chromosomes.
Zygote A fertilised egg that contains the full number of chromosomes
Sexual Reproduction Reproduction involving two parents. The offspring inherit half the chromosomes from each parent and therefore a mix of alleles creating genetically unique offspring.
Mutation A random permanent change in the base sequence of the DNA, which is inheritable if it occurs in the sex calls.
Crossing Over During meiosis homologous pairs of chromosomes come together and swap sections of DNA giving each gamete a random combination of alleles.
Independent Assortment During meiosis homologous pairs of chromosomes line up randomly, meaning a random combination of alleles end up in each gamete
Allele Different versions of a gene can be dominant or recessive e.g. purple flowers (P) and white flowers (p)
Dominant The allele that will be "expressed" in the phenotype if it is present
Recessive The allele which is only expressed if there are two e.g. bb
Trait A genetically determined characteristic
Genotype The combination of alleles for each trait e.g. Pp, PP or pp
Phenotype The physical characteristics caused by the genotype
Homozygous Having two of the same allele, either PP (dominant) or pp (recessive)
Heterozygous Having a dominant and recessive allele e.g. Pp
Pedigree Chart A family tree showing inheritance patterns for specific traits.
DNA A strand of genetic information made up of phosphate and sugar backbone with bases paired A-T and C-G
Chromosome A strand of DNA containing many genes
Homologous Pair of Chromosomes A pair of identical chromosomes e.g. humans have 46 chromosomes made up of 23 homologous pairs
Gene A section of DNA that codes for a particular protein and therefore trait
Bases A (Adenine), G (Guanine), C (Cytosine), T (Thymine) pair together A-T and C-G. Triplets of bases e.g. TGA code for specific amino acids which combine to form proteins
Amino Acid Compounds which combine to make Proteins
Protein Compounds made up of amino acids combined
Random Fertilisation randomly selected male sex cell combines with randomly selected female sex cell to form a zygote
Natural Selection Organisms with characteristics best suited to their environment are better able to survive and produce offspring with the beneficial characteristic.
Punnett square Grid showing the combinations of genotypes that my occur when two organisms are crossed.
Gene Marker A gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
DNA Sequencing The process of determining the exact sequences of bases in an organisms DNA
Created by: CMontaperto
Popular Biology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards