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Enzymes

Biology Enzymes

QuestionAnswer
Energy is... the ability to cause matter to move or change
All life processes are driven by... energy
Where does all energy come from ? The sun
A chemical reaction is when... bonds are broken and reformed to make different substances
Metabolism is the... sum of all chemical reactions in your body
How is energy stored? In an ATP molecule
Activation energy is... the energy needed to start a chemical reaction
Lowering the ______ will speed up a chemical reaction. activation energy
Catalysts can be ___ or ___. inorganic, organic
Enzymes are also called ___ and ___. Organic catalysts, biocatalyst (biochemical reaction)
How do enzymes help organisms maintain homeostasis? Without enzymes... chemical reactions would not occur quickly enough to sustain life.
Enzymes work like a ___ and ____. lock, key
Each ___ fits the enzyme's ___ __. substrate, active site
The enzyme reduces and increases... reduces activation energy, increases rate of reaction
The enzyme is not ____ by the reaction. altered or used up
Enzymes can be affected by... temperature, pH, concentration
Denaturation is... the change in a proteins structure that leads to a loss in its function.
A competitive inhibitor... competes with a substrate for binding to an active site. It also looks similar to the competing substrate.
A noncompetitive inhibitor... binds to the enzyme at a different place than the substrate binds changing the enzyme's shape so it doesn't work as well. Even with a lot of substrate the enzyme isn't as good at turning substrates into products. NC inhibitors don't resemble substrates
Enzymes are... proteins that speed up or catalyze chemical reactions.
Enzymes are extremely important because... all living organisms must do many chemical reactions in order to survive.
Hydrolysis is... a type of reaction that involves the breakdown of a large molecule called a polymer into monomers by adding a water molecules.
Dehydration synthesis/condensation is... defined synthesizing. It involves building large molecules called polymers by joining together monomers by removing a water molecule.
When do enzyme reactions like hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis (condensation) happen in the body? When you need to build large molecules such as proteins, fats, nucleic acids, or complex carbohydrates.
Why can enzymes only catalyze a very specific chemical reaction? Because of the shape of the enzyme.
Each enzyme has a unique shape that makes an ____ ___. This only fits a specific ____. active site, substrate
When the substrate enters the active site, the enzyme __ __ __ __ __ __ __. The end result of the chemical reaction is the ____. helps a specific chemical reaction to occur, product
Enzymes can be affected by many factors like... temperature, pH, concentration of substrate
When the temperature goes the the highest point, the shape of the enzyme... loses it's original shape and denatures.
Denaturation is... when the enzyme loses its shape and won't work anymore.
Optimal temperature/pH
What happens when pH changes and then goes back to the middle? The shape goes back to normal.
Substrate concentration is... the relative amount of substrate present in a solution.
High and low substrate concentration... increases and decreases the reaction rate .
Your body can digest food through... hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis.
A high substrate and enzyme concentration may... increase the rate of reaction.
To raise the rate of a concentration... you increase the concentration of the reactant making the reaction mixture more crowded. This increases the concentration you need to add more of the reactants. The more collisions, the faster the overall rate of reaction.
Does increasing the reactants concentration affect activation energy? No
Increase temperature provides... the reactant molecules with more energy to help them reach the activation energy barrier.
Created by: MeghnaG791
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