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evolution
chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is science? | An approach to understanding the natural world |
| What are the three Domains of organisms? | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya |
| Which domains include organisms with prokaryotic cell organization? | Bacteria and Archaea |
| Which two domains are more related to each other then they are to the other and why? | Archaea and eukarya because they share a common ancestor that was different from bacteria |
| What are the characteristics of living things(organisms)? | Organized, cellular, reproduce, response to stimuli, acquire & convert energy, growth & development, regulate internal conditions, and evolve. |
| What are cells? | life's fundamental unit of structure and function; the smallest unit of organization that can perform all activities required for life |
| What is the alternative definition of life? | anything that can evolve via natural selection |
| what are some pro and cons for each definition of life? | Characteristics- pros: unifying themes, cons: leaves out certain living things Alternative- pros: heritable characteristics can be passed on to progeny, cons: cell or metabolism not required |
| List some of the different levels of organization evident in living systems. | The biosphere, ecosystems, communities, organisms |
| Why is it necessary to study how living things work at so many different levels of organization? | living organisms can evolve |
| what is evolution? | change in allele frequency in a population over time |
| what is gene? | sequence of DNA that codes for a trait |
| what is an allele? | form of a particular gene |
| what are the 4 mechanisms that can result in evolution? | Natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow |
| Describe how evolution by natural selection occurs. | Within a population there is genetic diversity. The environment puts pressure on the population while favoring certain traits. More organisms with these traits survive and pass the trait to their kids. Over time these traits become more common. |
| What three conditions are required for natural selection to occur? | variation, inheritance, and differential reproductive success |
| What are the different scales of biological studies? | molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere |
| What is reduction in biology? | Reduction is studying a system by exploring smaller parts and an extremely common scientific approach. |
| What is system biology? | Interaction among components results in an increasingly complex whole; emergent property. |