click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
water
chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| success of life on earth owes much to | water |
| water makes up | 70% of the planet |
| water has a | polar covalent bond between 1 O and 2 H |
| electronegativity difference | oxygen (-) and hydrogens (+) |
| water can | dissociate |
| acids | adds H+ to a solution |
| base | removes H+ from a solution |
| individual hydrogen bonds are | weak |
| hydrogen bonds hold adjacent base pairs together in double helix of DNA | stable attachment and weak enough to break with little energy wasted |
| water's emergent property | cohesion/adhesion, temperature moderation, insulation, solvent |
| cohesion | results because of the high percentage of water molecules that bind to their neighbor |
| surface tension | reflects the strength of cohesion; surface bonds are stronger |
| temperature moderation | water absorbs heat from warm objects, water releases heat to cold objects |
| temperature measures | the intensity of heat |
| hot= | rapidly moving molecules |
| cold= | slowly moving molecules |
| evaporation | water molecules will transform from liquid to gas |
| evaporative cooling | the air around an object is cooled as evaporating water absorbs heat |
| specific heat | the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a substance |
| water possesses a high specific heat | temperature fluctuations of water are relatively less than other objects |
| insulation | ice is less dense than liquid water; can insulate objects from colder temperatures |
| solvent | any liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gas |
| water is a powerful solvent because | its polarity |