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Cell Study Stack
Cell Anatomy and Physiology!
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| animal cell | could be anything from a tiny, one-celled microorganism like an amoeba to a nerve cell from your brain |
| cell | The smallest structural unit enclosed by a membrane that makes up all living organisms |
| cell membrane | The structure that separates the cell from its external environment and holds all the parts of the cell together. It lets water and other molecules come and go into and out of the cell. |
| cellular respiration | The process in which oxygen is used to break down sugar from food. The waste products are carbon dioxide and water. |
| chemical formula for cellular respiration | sugar + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O |
| chemical formula for photosynthesis | carbon dioxide + water --> sugar _+ oxygen CO2 + H2O --> C6H12O6 + O2 |
| cell wall | a rigid layer lying outside the membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria that supports and provides structure |
| chloroplast | This special organelle and the chemical chlorophyll enable plants to capture energy from the sun in a process called photosynthesis and convert the energy to sugars that the plant uses for food |
| cytoplasm | The gel-like material that fills much of the inside of cells. |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a genetic code! |
| eukaryotic cells | cells that have a nucleus, such as animal and plant cells |
| mitochondria | called the "powerhouses of the cell." The mitochondria's job is to break down food molecules so that the cell has energy to live. |
| mitosis | a process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell, which is how cells multiply |
| nucleus | contains the cell's genetic information in a cell, DNA, so that the cell can produce more cells like it. This genetic information controls and instructs the functions of the organelles in a cell |
| organelles | cell parts, often surrounded by a separate membrane, that perform a specific function |
| photosynthesis | A process in which plants and algae use energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into food |
| plant cells | square/ cube shaped cells |
| animal cells | most are round/ sphere shaped cells |
| prokaryotic cells | cells that do not have a nucleus or any membrane-covered organelles. Examples include bacteria |
Created by:
sciencebulldogs
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