Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Life Science Exam 1
Flashcards Based on Review Content (Chapter 1)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Why is the scientific method used? | To test ideas about how the natural world works |
| Which feature is necessary for a scientific hypothesis? | It is falsifiable. |
| Which statement would be appropriate scientific hypothesis? | People protected from chilly temperatures catch fewer colds. |
| What is a scientific theory? | an explanation supported by large amounts of experimental evidence |
| Why are hypotheses never accepted as proven by scientists? | Alternative hypotheses might provide a better explanation. |
| Consider this hypothesis: "Drinking Echinacea tea reduces the duration and severity of colds." Which statement is the best prediction based on this hypothesis? | If cold sufferers drink Echinacea tea, then they will feel better sooner. |
| Which statement is a testable hypothesis? | Avoiding contact with other people reduces the chance of catching a cold. |
| Which hypothesis is testable using scientific methods? | Bees can see ultraviolet light that humans can't |
| Which statement is a testable scientific hypothesis? | Eating fish reduces the chance of having a stroke. |
| A researcher hypothesized that tributyltin causes reproductive defects in marine snails developing in the water. In an experiment testing the effects of tributyltin on developing snails, which condition should be used as a control? | Snails developing in a water tank are exposed to boat paint without tributyltin |
| Consider these experimental processes: Which situation describes potential observer bias in the experimental process? • Dr. Jones is evaluating cancer patients for their responses to a new therapeutic drug (etc) | Dr. Jones knows which patients are receiving the placebo and which are receiving the drug. |
| Which experimental factor can be manipulated? | Variable |
| What is the purpose of double-blind experiments? | To minimize the effects of human bias on the results |
| Observations showed that people with relatively high stress levels get a relatively high number of colds. What word describes this relationship? | Correlation |
| A strong correlation exists between stress and susceptibility to colds. What does this mean? | Stress might or might not affect susceptibility to colds. |
| When is an experiment considered to be double-blind? | Both participants and researchers are unaware of group member identities. |
| Which statement describes experimentation? | Some hypotheses cannot be tested by experimentation |
| A botanist conducted an experiment to test the effect of light on plants. 50 were grown under different amounts of artificial daylight for 60 days. The amount of water /fertilizer was constant. Leaf growth was measured. What was the dependent variable? | Leaf's size |
| When might bias in an experiment occur? | A technician knows which samples are from the control group |
| Which control should be used to test the prediction that a certain drug prevents cataracts in females over age 65? | Female subjects over 65 that are given placebos |
| When graphing data, what scientific information do scientists plot on the x axis? | Independent variable |
| Which procedure describes a cohort study? | Measure lifetime exposure to coal plant emissions and the incidence of lung cancer in a group of individuals living in a small town. |
| Which factor is a disadvantage for a correlational experiment? | It is only feasible for hypotheses for which an experimental treatment can be applied |
| Why might scientists be wary of the results of a single experiment testing a particular treatment, even when the results are peer reviewed and statistically significant? | The results may not be true for humans if the experiment used a model organism. |
| What is the specialized branch of mathematics that is used to compare data? | Statistics |
| When an experiment has a large sample size, and there is a large difference between the results in the experimental and control groups, how likely is it that the experimental results are statistically significant? | Very likely |
| What does sampling error refer to? | The differences between a group of experimental subjects and the population as a whole |
| In statistics, what is a sample? | A small subgroup of a population to be studied |
| What is a statistically significant result? | A result that is unlikely due to chance |
| When would a large difference between the means of the control and treatment groups be very likely to be statistically significant? | Only if the sample size is large |
| What would experimental results with very high statistical significance mean? | A true difference between treatment and control groups likely exists. |
| What is a standard probability that is accepted by most researchers as statistical significance? | 5% |
| When would an experimental result be considered statistically significant? | The result is unlikely to be due to chance alone. |
| What does it mean to say that experimental results are peer reviewed? | The results are analyzed by other scientists before they are published. |
| What would be the most trustworthy source of scientific information? | Peer-reviewed research publications |
| Which item suggests that scientific information on a website may be unreliable? | The site is set up to allow you to buy the product being described. |
| In science, what would an individual's personal experience or endorsement be considered? | Anecdotal evidence |
| According to scientific evidence, what is the best prevention method known for reducing the chance of contracting a common cold? | Washing your hands frequently and effectively |
| According to the graph, what is the relationship between stress and the likelihood of infection by a cold virus? | People with a stress index of 11-12 are more likely to catch a cold. |
| According to the graph, how did the results of the control group compare with the results of the experimental group? | Echinacea tea was more effective for the experimental group. |
| According to the graph, how did the number of days with cold symptoms compare for people taking placebo lozenges or zinc lozenges? | People taking the placebo had cold symptoms for 3 more days than people taking the zinc lozenges. |
| How did Barry Marshall test the hypothesis that H. pylori causes stomach ulcers | He ingested live H. pylori and developed acute stomach pain |
Created by:
FaithMcBaith
Popular Science sets