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biology Chapter 1
biology exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Biology? | Study of life. |
| What are biologists? | People who study + pose questions about the living world |
| Biology starts with what? What does it mean? | Biology starts with inquiry. Inquiry is the search for an explanation as to why they are. |
| What are the 5 steps in the scientific method? | observation, questions, hypothesis, test predictions, analyze data |
| What kind of questions are formed? | cause and effect questions |
| What is a testable prediction? | explanation for observation. |
| What is inductive reasoning? | It is specific to general. EX: every day the sun sets in the west; therefore, the sun will always set in the west. |
| What is deductive reasoning? | General to specific. EX: if all organisms are made of cells, and humans are living organisms, then... humans are composed of cells. |
| What is qualitative data? | descriptions rather than measurements |
| What is quantitative data? | recorded numerical measurements, often organized into tables and graphs. |
| What are examples of generalized observations? | Gravity, thermodynamics, evolution |
| What are the 7 structures of life | Response to environment, reproduction, growth and development, energy processing, regulation, order, evolutionary adaptation. |
| What are cells to organisms? | Cells are organisms' basic units of structure and function |
| What are the emergent properties from smallest to largest? | molecules and atoms, organelles, cells, tissues, organs and organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystem, biosphere |
| Atoms are the ___ unit of matter that retain what | smallest, property of an element |
| What are molecules? | Two or more atoms joined by covalent chemical bonds |
| What specialized functions do organelles have? | EK, mitochondria, chloroplasts |
| Do cells look the same for all organisms? | Some organisms are single cell while other organisms are multicellular with division of labor amongst cells |
| What are tissues? | Grouping of similar cells |
| What classifies as an organ? | A body part of an organism consisting of two or more tissues that come out of particular function for an organism. |
| What are some examples of an organism? | a tree, bacterium, animals |
| Where do all species interact to classify as a population? | They interact within specified area |
| What is a community? | Entire array of living organisms inhabiting a particular area |
| Where are living things to make it an ecosystem? | All living things in a particular area, plus the non-living components of the environment in which interacting |
| What is a biosphere? | All environments on Earth inhabited by life, land, sea, and air |
| What are the different types of scientific inquiry? | Inductive and deductive reasoning |
| What are four features common to all cells? | DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes |
| What are two different types of cells? | Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells |
| What is the structure of a prokaryotic cell? | has a cell wall, membrane, capsule, cytoplasm, and flagella, and has no nucleus. |
| What is the structure of a eukaryotic cell? | has a membrane (with enclosed organelles), cytoplasm, nucleus (with membrane-enclosed), and DNA (throughout the nucleus) |
| Where is DNA found? | It is a molecule found in most cells |
| What is DNA's function? | Responsible for coding proteins |
| What are genes that are found in DNA? | It is a short length of DNA that is found on a chromosome that codes for a particular characteristic or protein |
| What are the two ways of gene expression? | Transcription and translation |
| What is transcription? | Genes encoded by DNA direct production of RNA |
| What is translation? | RNA directs production of protein |
| Where does all the energy come from that powers all the living things on earth? | the sun, this can happen because of photosynthesis |
| What are some ways interactions take place between organisms in an ecosystem? | predation, competition, mutualism |
| What are some ways interactions take place between molecules? | chemical reactions, interactions within organisms, feedback regulation |
| What are examples of the diversity of life? | species diversity, genetic diversity, ecosystem diversity |
| What are examples of the unity of life? | The 7 structures of life, cellular structure, genetic code, metabolic pathways, response to stimuli, and homeostasis |
| What cell is found in the bacteria and archaea domain? | Prokaryotic cells |
| What cell is found in the eukaryote domain? | Eukarya cells |
| What are the three domains of life? | Archaea, bacteria, and eukarya |
| What is descent with modification when it comes to GENETIC COMPOSITION? | The process where organisms pass on genetic traits to their offspring, but these traits may undergo changes over generations |
| What is descent with modification when it comes to POPULATIONS? | The population changes over time due to the fact that individuals with better traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing the traits along, leading to a gradual evolution. |
| What is descent with modification when it comes to GENERATIONS? | over time, genetic characteristics of a population change as individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and pass those traits down. |
| What is a pattern of change that can be identified in a population of organisms? | Mutation because the random changes in DNA sequence of an organism can introduce new traits |
| What is natural selection? | Process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals |
| What are the key parts of natural selection? | population, elimination, reproduction, and increasing frequency of traits |
Created by:
josie_d
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