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Resp. & O2 ch 85/86
Respiratory and Oxygen Therapy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| functions of the respiratory system | O2/CO2 exchange, acid-base balance, protection, speech production |
| upper respiratory tract | nose, sinuses, pharynx, trachea |
| lower respiratory tract | bronchi, lungs |
| where O2 is exchanged for CO2 within the lungs | alveoli |
| food/air goes through what to get to the esophagus | pharynx |
| exchange of gases between the environment and the body's internal cells | respirations |
| respiratory refleses | coughing, sneezing yawning |
| ventilation means | breathing |
| what part of our brain stimulates respirations | medulla |
| what assists the medulla in maintaining respirations | diaphragm and intercostal muscles |
| major regulator of respirations | carbon dioxide |
| what makes it where you have some voluntary control of your breathing | cerebral cortex |
| respirations that are at the lung level | external |
| respirations that are at the cellular level | internal |
| collect sputum specimen when? | first thing in morning |
| specimen where MD goes through nose to get it | lavage specimen |
| <7 | acidosis |
| >7 | alkalosis |
| test that measures lung capacity | PFT (pulmonary function test) |
| puncturing the chest wall to remove excess fluid or air from the pleural cavity is called | thoracentesis |
| uses position and gravity to drain secretions and mucus from the individual's lungs | postural drainage |
| puncturing of the abdominal cavity for aspiration of fluid | paracentesis |
| an incision into the thorax r chest cavity | thoracotomy |
| do this w/postural drainage | CPT (chest percussion therapy) |
| normal breathing | eupnea |
| common cold | rhinitis |
| rhinitis is spread by | droplets |
| loss of the sense of smell is common in what respiratory disorder | tracheotomy |
| puss in pleural space | empyema |
| non-productive cough is common in what respiratory disorder | bronchitis |
| alveoli collapses in what respiratory disorder | atelectasis |
| abnormal, permanent enlargement of the alveoli and alveolar ducts w/destruction of the alveolar walls | pulmonary emphysema |
| alveoli quit working and the x-ray is complete white | ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) |
| spread by inhalation of droplets and verified by chest x-ray | TB (pulmonary tuberculosis) |
| if poorly managed, can lead to emphysema | asthma |
| more than 5 cessations of airflow for at least 10 seconds each per hour of sleep | sleep apnea |
| an attack that persists for more than 24 hrs. and that does not respond to treatment is called | status asthmaticus |
| how fast a person can exhale after deep inhalation | peak flow |
| 1st action c/pt. experiencing sob | reposition pt. into an orthopneic position |
| priority intervention if Pleur-Evac system becomes disconnected from chest tube | double-clamp the chest tube |
| option that indicates the pt. is experiencing severe hypoxemia | hypotension |
| relates most directly to a dianosis of pulmonary emphysema | decreased breath sounds, barrel chest, sob |
| the nurse suspects pleurisy when | the client complains of chest pain w/inspiratin plus complaint of an earache |
| primary risk factor for developing lung cancer | exposure to smoke or smoking cigarettes |
| low-flow device that uses a bag instead of valves | PRM (partial-rebreathing mask) |
| uses valves on the outside of the mask as well as between the mask and bag | NRM (non-rebreathing mask) |
| too much oxygen can lead to | respiratory arrest |
| offers specific oxygen concentrations ranging from 24 to 50% that match specific adapters for flow rates of 4,6, or 8 lpm | venturi masks |
| this ventilator encloses all or part of the body | negative pressure ventilator |
| oxygen sources available for home use | oxygen cylinders and concentrators |
| these ventilators can deliver a consistent volume of air with each breath, a preset pressure of air or total breathing for the client at set intervals | positive pressure ventilators |
| type of ventilation where the pt. takes on more work of breathing and gradually progresses to breathing w/o mechanical assistance | SIMV (synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation) |
| Oxygen by mask must be at a minimum flow rate of | 6 lpm |
| respiratory doctor | pulmonologist |
| sore throat | pharyngitis |
| top of lung | apex |
| hair-like projections | cilia |
| inflammation of the pleura | pleurisy |
| measures amount of oxygen in the blood | pulse-oximeter |
| double layered sac of serous membranes | pleura |
| reduces surface tension in the lungs | surfactant |
| barking like a seal | stridor |
| bottom of lung | base |
| nose bleed | epistaxis |
| easing pain on surgical incision site | splinting |
| blood in lung cavity | hemathorax |
| common breath sound heard in asthmatics | wheezing |
| during pulmonary perfusion 02 binds to | blood |
Created by:
ReginaK
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