Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Cardio Ch 80 powerpt
Terri's Powerpoint
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cardiac Enzymes | CK, Troponin, TnL |
| Cardiac Electolytes | K+, Na, Mg |
| X-ray study of heart and major vessels performed after injection of dye into vessels | Angiocardiogram |
| What must you find out prior to injecting dye into vessels | If pt. is allergic to shellfish or iodine |
| X-ray study of artery | Arteriogram |
| After any study in which femoral site is used, pt. should lie flat for how long | up to 8 hrs. |
| Graphic record or tracing of heart's electrical action | ECG |
| What does an ECG provide | Information about the heart's rate, rhythm, and disorders |
| On the ECG, what indicates cardiac conditions | Deviations from the PQRST waveform |
| What test assesses severity of symptomatic and asymptomatic cardiac disease | Stress Test |
| Use of sound waves to produce a three-dimensional view of the heart and its blood flow | Echocardiogram |
| Detects ischemic patterns and assesses for viable myocardium by administering weak radioactivee chemical via IV for better view of the heart's chambers or myocardium | Nuclear Scan |
| Locates source of dysrythmia and determines most effective medication to control it | EPS (Electrophysiology Study) |
| Procedure that measures 02 concentration, determines cardiac output, and assesses the heart's structures and chambers | Cardiac Catheterization |
| Therapeutic treatments during heart cath | repair the heart, open valves, dilate arteries |
| What procedure may be performed during an angiocardiogram | heart cath |
| Warn client about what during a heart cath | warmth and fluttering in the heart during procudure |
| Before cardiac cath | Obtain signed consent and NPO for 6 hrs. |
| After cardiac cath assess what and check what | Asses for bleeding and check peripheral pulses |
| Report the following after a heart cath | pt's rapid or irregular pulse, chest or insertion site pain |
| Dissolves clots in coronary arteries | thrombolytics |
| thrombolytics | streptokinase, urokinase, alteplase |
| thrombolytics are administered via | peripheral vein |
| PTCA | Percutaneous transluminal corornary angioplasty |
| What does PTCA do | widens arteries opening and improves blood flow to heart muscles by inserting balloon tipped cath into narrowed coronary artery and uses radiopaque dye |
| CABG | Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting surgery |
| How does CABG work | Saphenous vein from leg is grafted around blockage in the artery |
| Heart Valve Replacement | Use of artificial, mechanical or human valves |
| drugs that are given to heart transplant pt's | anti-rejection or immunosuppressive |
| pre-op care for cardiac surgery | good nutrition, extra 02, vitamin therapy, deep breathing practice, and routine test |
| post-op care for cardiac surgery | adequate 02, assess cardiac fx, maintain fluid/electrolyte balance, control chest drainage with suction, monitor body temp, relieve pain |
| Hardening of the arteries | Arteriosclerosis |
| Artery narrows or closes completely due to plaque | Atherosclerosis |
| Most common form of hyptertension | Essential |
| 3 mechanisms of hypotension | Rate, Pump, Volume |
| Heartbeat >100 bpm | Sinus Tachycardia |
| Heartbeat <60 bpm | Sinus Bradycardia |
| PVC | Premature Ventricular Contraction |
| Heart contractions are weak and lack sufficient force to send blood from atria into the ventricles | (AV) Atrioventricular Heart Block |
| Critical observation period for electronic pacemaker | 3 days after pacemaker's insertion |
| Quivering of muscle fibers | fibrillation |
| disorganized twitching of atrial muscles | atrial fibrillation |
| Tx for A-fib | Digoxin, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants |
| twitching of ventricular muscles of the heart | Ventricular fibrillation |
| What fibrillation leads to cardiac arrest | V-fib |
| High-voltage electrical current that shocks the heart back into regular beat | Defribrilation |
| During electrical defribrillation, everone present must be careful not to what | touch the client or the bed |
| What is an ICD and what does it do | Implantable cardioverter-defribrillator that delivers electrical shock to the heart muscle when a ventricular dysrhythmia is detected |
| Failure and inability of heart to do its work | CHF (congestive heart failure) |
| CHF is what kind of problem | pumping |
| Nursing considerations for CHF pt. | measure I&O's, daily weight |
| When the heart muscle is enlarged, stretched, or weakened | Cardiomyopathy |
| Most common form of cardiomyopathy | Dilated or congestive |
| form of cardiomyopathy that is hereditary | Hypertropic cardiomyopathy |
| treat chronic rheumatic heart desease with | pennicilin |
| Infection of endocardium | Bacterial Endocarditis |
| Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart | Pericarditis |
| Pain in the chest | angina pectoris |
| increases and decreases in frequency, duration, and intensity of pain is what | unstable angina |
| angina that occurs at night | nocturnal angina |
| Does a dibetic pt. have angina pain? | no, due to peripheral neuropathy |
| If medical treatment fails for angina pain, then what? | PTCA |
| Angina pain is considered an MI if it last for more than how long? | 15 minutes |
| Sudden blockage of one or more coronary arteries | Myocardial Infarction |
| Inflammation of the wall of a vein, in which one or more clots form | Thrombophlebitis |
| when a blood clot forms inside a deep blood vessel | DVT - deep vein thrombosis |
| Inflammation of blood vessel w/o clot formation | Phlebitis |
| Nursing alert for a pt. with thrombophlebitis | Never massage or rub a client's leg |
| s/s of thrombophlebitis | pain in leg, redness, swelling, fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, positive Homans' sign |
| medical tx. for DVT only in the calf | low-molecular-weight heparin |
| Nursing consideration for pt. with thrombophlebitis | immobilize affected part |
| blood clot carried through circulation to some vital orgain, possibly lodging in blood vessel and causing death | Embolism |
| Blood clot travels to lungs obstructing in a large pulmonary blood vessel and causing sudden death | pulmonary embolism |
| blood clot travels to blood vessel in heart, causing necrosis of heart tissue distal to blockage and may cause instant death | Coronary Embolism |
| clot blocks blood vessels in brain | CVA (or stroke)- Cerebral Embolism |
| amputation below blockage occurs in | peripheral embolism |
| inflammation causing obsruction of blood vessels in extremities (esp. in legs) | Buerger's Disease |
| spasmodic constriction of arteries suppling the extremities (affects fingers and toes) | Raynaud's Disease |
| weakening of valves of veins, causing the veins to fill abnormally | Varicose Veins |
| Outpouching of blood vessels (most common site is aorta) | Aneurysms |
| sudden or gradual interruption of blood supply to vital center in the brain | Cerebrovascular Accident |
Created by:
ReginaK
Popular Nursing sets