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IPC Unit 2 Vocab
IPC Unit 2 Periodic Table and Atoms Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Periodic Table | chart where elements are organized by increasing atomic number or the number of protons |
| Periodic Table - Group | elements in the same vertical column and share similar chemical properties due to the same number of valence electrons |
| Periodic Table - Period | elements in the same horizontal row and have the same number of electrons shells |
| Nobel Gases | located in Group 18 ; undergo the fewest chemical reactions;most resistant to forming compounds because the elements have 8 valence electrons |
| Alkali Metals | located in Group 1 ; most likely to donate one electron due to one valence electron |
| Halogens | located in Group 17 ; most likely to accept one electron due to seven valence electrons |
| Elements with 5,6, or 7 Valence Electrons | tend to gain electrons when bonding ; forms anions |
| Elements with 1,2, or 3 Valence Electrons | tend to lose electrons when bonding ; forms cations |
| Ion | charged atom that has lost or gained electrons |
| Cation | positively charged atom ; formed when electron is given away |
| Anion | negatively charged atom ; formed when electrons are taken |
| Group Number | tells the number of valence electrons |
| Period Number | tells the number of electron shells |
| Valence Electrons | found in the outer shell of an element ; determine bonding characteristics |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in an element; determine the element's identity; what the periodic table is arranged by |
| Atomic Mass | the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Atom | smallest particle of a substance containing protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in the shells orbiting the nucleus |
| Octet Rule | elements like to have 8 electrons in their outer shell for stability |
| Covalent Bonds | formed between atoms of non-metals ; share electrons |
| Ionic Bonds | formed between atoms of metals and non-metals ; donate or takes electrons to form cations and anions |
| Metals | Elements found on the left side of the periodic table; Metals are solid (exception of mercury, a liquid), shiny, good conductors of electricity and heat, ductile, malleable, tend to lose electrons easily. |
| Nonmetals | Elements found on the right side of the periodic table; are brittle, not malleable or ductile, poor conductors of both heat and electricity, and tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions. Some nonmetals are liquids. |
| Metalloids | Elements along the stair steps between the metals and nonmetals; properties that are somewhat of a cross between metals and nonmetals. |
| CNN | Covalent Bonds are between two nonmetals Covalent =Nonmetal+Nonmetal |
| IMN | Ionic Bonds are between a metal and a nonmetal Ionic=Metal+Nonmetal |
| Transition Metals | groups 3-12 on the periodic table |
| ductile | can be drawn into wires |
| malleable | can be flattened into sheets |
Created by:
MrsNash
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