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Genetics Chapter 1

Genetic Revolution

TermChromosome Theory of Inheritan
Uniform Theory Like begets like: progeny resembles parents
Blending Theory There is a resemblance, a mixing, between parent and progeny
Gregor Mendel particulate theory of inheritance (factors, particles (genes) control traits, not blending).
Somatic cells Normal cells. Two copies of genes
Gametes Sperm/egg cells. One copy of gene.
Alleles Different versions of genes
Ronald Fisher Multifactorial hypothesis (Polygenic Inheritance: basically multiple genes contribute to one trait). -explained stuff like height
Edward Tatum and George Beadle One gene-one polypeptide (enzyme) hypothesis (this hypothesis in not true, idk why we have to learn it). Model organism: neurospora (bread mold, lovely stuff)
Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase Genes are made up of DNA. Model organism: Bacteria
James Watson and Francis Crick (Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins also played a huge role in this) Molecular Structure of DNA (double-stranded opposite orientation helix, four base types)
Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod Genes are regulated by factors (proteins) Model organism: Escherichia coli
Central Dogma DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein
Created by: manur
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