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Bio Unit 1 Ch. 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are some physical differences between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? | Eukaryotic cells are bigger, have membrane-enclosed organelles, and contain the nucleus. |
| What is some evidence to support the concept of a common ancestor for all organisms? | Shared anatomy of mammalian limbs, fossils |
| What are the key features to a controlled experiment? | A group is compared to a control group |
| What is the purpose of a control group | To be compared to the experimental group |
| What is the independent variable? | the one that is manipulated by the researchers |
| What is the dependent variable? | the one predicted to be affected by the response |
| What are the 3 major components of an atom? What are their sizes relative to each other? | Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons (Neutron and Proton 1 AmU, Electron 1/2000 AMU) |
| Why is an atom neutral in terms of its charge? | The electrons’ negative charge and the protons’ positive charge cancel out |
| How is the atomic number of an atom determined? | the number of protons |
| What is the mass number of an atom? | Number of Protons and Number of neutrons combined |
| What role do electrons play in determining the mass of an atom? | Electrons play no role because they weigh a very small fraction of an amu |
| How many electrons are shared in a covalent double bond? | 4 |
| What causes a covalent bond to be polar? | Unequal distribution of electrons |
| How does evaporative cooling work? | As the liquid evaporates, its remaining surface cools |
| What is the molecular mass of ethanol? (C2H5OH) How many grams of ethanol are in 1 mole of ethanol? | 46, 46 grams |
| What is the basic structure of a DNA molecule? | Made up of two long chains arranged in a double helix; |
| What role do nucleotides play in the structure? | Nucleotides (A,c,t,g) Are the “Codes” for the structure of proteins |
| What will the addition of reactants do to the speed of a reaction? | Increases speed |
| Water has a high specific heat. How is this observed in properties of water? | minimizes temp. fluctuations; Abosrb and store heat during day/summer, and cools during night/winter |
| You need to make 250 ml of a 0.5M NaCl solution. How many grams of NaCl do you need? (M.W. NaCl – 58.44) | 7.32 |
| What is the water’s unique properties like cohesion and high specific heat? | Cohesion, high specific heat, expansion when frozen, versatility as solvent |
| A mole refers to how many particles? | 6.02 x 10^23 molecules |
| As you go lower on the pH scale the number of Hydrogen ions increases by what factor for every whole number? | x10 |
| What makes a good buffer? | A good buffer should move/combine OH- ions and H+ ions to neutralize them.. |
| What is the job of a buffer? | To minimize changes in concentrations of OH- and H+ |
| What are constants? | The factors that do not change during the experiment. |
| What is a covalent bond? | The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms |
Created by:
ewils
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