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Histology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Histology | study of tissues and how they form organs |
| Tissue | group of similar cells and cell products |
| What are the 4 tissue classes in the body? | Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous |
| Functions of Epithelial tissue | Protection, Absorption, Filtration, Excretion, Secretion, Sensory Reception |
| What are the two types of Epithelial tissue? | -Covering and lining epithelial -Glandular epithelial |
| Simple squamous epithelium | - Alveoli of the lungs - Interior walls of the blood vessels |
| Epithelial tissue | - Has little ECM - Forms flat sheet w/ the upper surface exposed to the environment - Avascular - Sits on basement membrane |
| Simple cuboidal epithelium | kidney tubules |
| Simple columnar epithelium | Stomach lining (GI tract) |
| Pseudostratified columnar epithelium | lining the human trachea |
| Stratified squamous epithelium | lining of the esophagus |
| What are glands classified as? | epithelial tissues |
| Exocrine glands | Maintain connection to surface with a DUCT TUBE |
| Endocrine glands | Have NO DUCTS but secrete their hormones directly into bloodstream |
| Connective tissue | - have a lot of ECM - ground substance, fibers, and cells |
| Functions of Connective tissue | - Connects structures to each other - gives support and protection - stores energy - movement and transport of materials |
| What are the two types of proteins that makes up ground substances? | Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins |
| Collagen Fibers | - Protein Collagen - Tough - Stretch and Flexible - Tendons, ligaments and deep layer of the skin (dermis) |
| Reticular Fiber | - Thin collagen coated w/ Glycoprotein - Spleen and Lymph nodes |
| Elastic Fiber | - Thin branching fibers made of elastin - Stretch and recoil like rubber band - Skin, lungs, and arteries |
| Blast Cells of Connective Tissue | - Mitotic cells that secrete ground substance and fibers for the matrix - Will create ECM |
| Fibroblast | produce protein fibers and ground substance |
| Chrondroblasts | produce cartilage |
| Osteoblasts | form bony matrix |
| Hemocytoblasts | form blood cells |
| Mast cells | heparin inhibits clotting and histamine that dilates blood vessels |
| Adipocytes | fat cells store triglycerides |
| White blood cells | Leukocytes |
| Loose connective tissue | -contains gel-like ground substance between cells -few fibers |
| Dense connective tissue | -lots of fibers |
| Loose Connective Tissue - Adipose Tissue | - Energy storage - Insulation - Cushioning |
| Loose Connective Tissue - Areolar Tissue | - Support - Holding body fluids - Defend against infections |
| Loose Connective Tissue - Reticular Tissue | - Soft structure that supports other cells - Bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen |
| Skeletal muscle | -Long, cylindrical, multinucleate, un-branched, voluntary cells w/ striations -movement, facial expression, posture, breathing, speech, etc.. |
| Cardiac muscle | -short branched, mono nucleated cells with striations and intercalated discs -pumps blood |
| -Smooth muscle | -short cells, non-striated, mononucleate -swallowing, GI tract functions, labor contractions, hair, iris |
| What does Cardiac and Skeletal muscle have in common? | Striations |
| What does Cardiac and Smooth muscle have in common? | mono nucleated cells |
| Nervous Tissue | - Contains neurons and glial - Found in brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia |
| Synovial membrane | - Contains connective tissue - rich in hyaluronic acid into the joint |
| Serous membrane | - internal epithelial membrane - covers organs and walls of body cavities, produces serous fluid |
Created by:
Lavianaaa58
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