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Forces
Chapter 4 forces (Oxford Science Review)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Force magnifier | a device that can increase the amount of force available (For example, to shift something); an example is a lever |
| Distance magnifier | A lever that changes a strong force that acts over a short distance into a weak force that acts over a longer distance |
| Second-class lever | A lever that the load is between the point of the effort and the fulcrum |
| Third-class lever | A lever that has its point of effort between the fulcrum and the load |
| First-class lever | A lever that has its fulcrum between the point of effort and the load |
| Block and Tackle | A group of pulleys mounted together in a frame or block, which provides significant mechanical advantages |
| Ramp | A sloping surface joining to different levels |
| Screw | A sharp pointed metal object with a spiral thread running along its head and the slotted head |
| Wheel and Axle | A type of lever that can rotate about its center, magnifying force or distance |
| Gravity | The force of attraction between objects due to their masses |
| Spring balance | A device consisting of a spring and scale, used for measuring forces |
| Calibrate | To check the accuracy of a meter or measuring devices against known measurements |
| Newton | The unit for measuring forces: (N) |
| Balanced forces | Two forces in equal size and opposite direction |
| Unbalanced Forces | Describes two or more forces that are unequal in size and direction therefore changing the objects speed, direction or shape |
| Net-force | The vector sum of all forces acting on an object; also known as resultant |
| Attraction Force | The force that attracts one object to another |
| Unlike poles | The north and south end of a magnet |
| Contact Force | A force acting between two bodies in direct contact |
| Non-contact Force | A force acting between two bodies that are not in direct contact |
| Like Poles | Two north poles or two south poles of a magnet |
| Repulsion Force | A force that pushes one object away from another |
| Domain | A small section of a magnet where the magnetic field of all atoms is aligned in the same direction |
| Magnetic Pole | The north and south ends of a magnet; each of the points near the extremities of the axis of rotation of the Earth or another body where a magnetic needle dips vertically |
| Electrostatic Force | The force between two objects caused by a build-up of negative charges |
| Weight | The measure of a gravitational pull on an object |
| Mass | The amount of matter in a substance usually measured in kilograms; the mass of an object never changes, even in space |
| Friction | A force that acts to oppose the motion between two surfaces as they move over each other |
| Air resistance | Friction between a moving object and the air it is moving through |
| Streamlining | Giving an object a form that presents the leased resistance to motion |
| Lubrication | The action of applying a substance such as oil or grease to an engine or component so as to reduce friction |
| Lever | A simple machine that reduces the effort needed to do work |
| Fulcrum | The turning point of a lever |
| Effort | The force used to operate a lever |
| Load | (In physics) resisting force |
| Wedge | A piece of wood, metal or other substance that tapers to a thin edge and is driven between two objects or parts of an object to secure or separate them |
| Thread | The spiral ridge of a screw |
Created by:
Carle_R
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