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Science Explosion 05
BJU 6th Science - Chapter 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organism | a complete living thing |
| Life span | process of birth, growth, reproduction and death |
| Life cycle | life span |
| Environment | surroundings |
| Energy | ability to do work |
| Cell | tiny unit of living material surrounded by a thin membrane |
| Cell theory | theory that all living things are made of cells |
| Microscope | uses lenses to magnify objects |
| Specimen | object looked at under a microscope |
| Slide | glass plate on which specimen is placed |
| Unicellular | an organism consisting of one cell |
| Multicellular | an organism consisting of many specialized cells |
| Tissue | a group of cells working together |
| Organ | different types of tissue working together; an example is the heart |
| System | group of organs working together; an example is the circulatory system |
| Cell membrane | a cell’s external boundary for the material inside the cell |
| Cytoplasm | a jellylike substance made mostly of water and containing many substances, such as proteins and fats, that are essential to the cell |
| Organelle | a tiny structure inside the cytoplasm of most cells that helps carry out the function of the cell |
| Nucleus | a large organelle that contains the chromosomes |
| Chromosome | tight bundles of DNA; usually found in the nucleus of a cell |
| Mitochondria | the cell’s engine; responsible for breaking down the cell’s food and releasing energy |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | the cell’s system of passageways that allows material to move from one part of the cell to another |
| Ribosome | makes proteins that the cell needs |
| Vacuole | a bubble-like organelle in cells; generally used for storage |
| Cell wall | a rigid structure that provides support for some kinds of cells |
| Chloroplast | organelles that contain chlorophyll; organelles in which photosynthesis takes place |
| Chlorophyll | a green pigment that absorbs energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food and energy for the plant |
| Cytologist | a scientist who studies cells |
| Cell division | process where a cell divides into 2 cells |
| Mitosis | division process where 2 new cells are created which are identical to the parent cell |
| Sexual reproduction | process of creating new life from 2 parent cells |
| Meiosis | process where chromosomes duplicate once and cells divide twice |
| Criteria | A standard, rule, or test on which a judgment or decision can be based |
| Classification | way of organizing organisms according to characteristics; Kingdom -> Phylum -> Class -> Order -> Family -> Genus -> Species |
| Bacteria | smallest living thing known to man, unicellular, live in colonies |
| Colony | group of bacteria |
| Protozoan | the more animal-like organisms in the kingdom Protista; able to move around and often live in water |
| Algae | plantlike organisms in Kingdom Protista; usually can perform photosynthesis and are not mobile |
| Leaven | yeast |
| Photosynthesis | process used by plants to convert sunlight (energy) to a usable source of energy (sugar) |
| Common name | a widely recognized name |
| Kingdom | broadest category of living things |
| Phylum | primary division under each Kingdom |
| Class | the groups that the phylum is broken down into |
| Order | the third grouping under Kingdom; further divides the class |
| Family | Order breaks into the classification of family |
| Genus | the first name in a scientific name |
| Species | the second name in a scientific name |
| Scientific name | unique to each organism; 2 parts-the Genus name and the species name Example: Canis familiaris (dog) |
Created by:
MrsDunham
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