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2A Cells and Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Eukaryotic cell | -Cells with nucleus. |
| Prokaryotic cell | -Cells without nucleus. |
| Tissue | -Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a certain job. |
| Organ | -Group of tissue together. |
| Arrange from lowest to highest level of or organization: tissue, organ, cell | -1 Cells -2 Tissue -3 Organ |
| If you are looking at 2 human cells and they look different explain Why? | -They probably came from a different types of tissue. Cell from the same tissue perform the same job, therefore they look the same. |
| Cell membrane | -Surrounds the cell and regulates what goes in and out. E and P. |
| Cells wall | - Surrounds all cells and regulates what comes in and out. [made of lipids and protein]. |
| Cytoplasm | -inside of the cell material, excluding the nucleus. |
| Flagellum | -whip-like structures that prokaryotic cells use to propel themselves through their environment. |
| DNA | -Molecule that contains the important information for making proteins and helps regulate many cellular processes. |
| Chromosomes | -Structure that contains a cells DNA. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum [E.R.] | -Network of tubes in eukaryotic cells that help produce and transports proteins and other molecules throughout cells. |
| Golgi apparatus | -Organism in the eukaryotic cell that modifies many proteins and packages them into small bubble-like structures called vesicles |
| Ribosomes | -Small structures that assemble proteins found in both types of cells. |
| Cytoskeleton | -Several types of long, thin fibers anchored to various parts of the cell that helps the cell maintain shape and charge shape. |
| Lysosomes | -The break down and dispose of old cellular structures. They also speed up and slow down chemical reactions in the cell. |
| Mitochondria | - Makes most of the cells ATP [molecule that provides energy]. |
| Producers | -Organisms that produce their own food |
| Photosynthesis | -Process that plants use to turn carbon dioxide into glucose (sugar) |
| Steps of Photosynthesis Step 1 | -Sunlight enters the chloroplast and is absorbed by the green pigment chlorphill |
| Step 2 | - chlorophyll uses the energy from the sun to split water into protons, electrons and oxygen |
| step 3 | -Protons and electrons enter the light - independent stage |
| step 4 | -electrons and protons are used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, sugar cells use as food. |
| cellular respiration | -the process in organisms of breaking down molecules to produce ATP |
| ATP | - The molecule used to power many processes in the cell that needs chemical engergy |
| Bacteria Cellular Respiration | -Prokaryotic cells perform cellular respiration in the cytoplasm instead of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells |
| Steps of Celluar Respiration Step 1 | -Glucose (sugar arrives in the cytoplasm and is broken down. This is an anaerobic process since it does not use oxygen |
| Step 2 | -Fragments are carried into the mitochondria where they are used along with oxygen, to produce ATP. This is called a aerobic process since is uses oxygen. |
Created by:
Emma Cheshire
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