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Bio Unit 2
Biology Unit 2 Cellular Processes Vocabulary
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| the movement of molecules across the cell membrane | cellular transport |
| energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change form | Law of conservation of energy |
| any process that is carried out at the cellular leve | cellular process |
| matter is not created or destroyed, only rearranged | Law of conservation of mass |
| a protein that catalyzes (speeds up) a reaction without being changed by it | enzyme |
| the process by which light energy is used to make sugars (chemical energy) and produce oxygen from carbon dioxide and water | photosynthesis |
| the process where organisms convert glucose (chemical energy) and oxygen into ATP (chemical energy) and release carbon dioxide and water as waste | cellular respiration |
| regulation of an organism's internal environment in order to maintain conditions suitable for survival | homeostasis |
| the movement of molecules across the cell membrane using ATP energy | active transport |
| the movement of molecules across a cello membrane without the use of energy | passive transport |
| a solution with a higher solute concentration and a lower water concentration compared to another solution or a cell's internal environment. When a cell is placed in this solution, water moves out of the cell via osmosis, causing the cell to shrink | hypertonic |
| a solution with a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water compared to another solution. This leads to movement of water into the cell, causing it to swell or burst | hypotonic |
| The concentration of solutes is the same inside the cell as in the solution. This results in no movement of water and the cell retains normal shape and size. | isotonic |
| to allow certain molecules or ions to pass through, while restricting others | permeable |
| the difference in concentration of a substance (like ions or molecules) between two regions, such as inside and outside a cell | concentration gradient |
| the process by which cells release large molecules out of the cell | exocytosis |
| the passive movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from high water volume to low water volume | osmosis |
Created by:
MrsNash
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