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Chapter_01 A&P

a&p chap 1 intro

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy study of structure
Physiology study of function
Anatomical Position body standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing foward
Dorsal cavity craanial cavity, vertebral canal
Ventral body cavity Thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity- abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity
Pericardium envelops the heart Visceral pericardium, parietal pericardium, serous fluid between the membranes fills the pericardial cavity
Peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity and surfaces of organs in that cavity, parietal peritoneumVisceral peritoneum- forms supportive mesenteries that support abdominal organs
Peritoneal cavity Space between membranes
Chemical level simplest level, atoms, molecules
Cellular level cells are the basic structural and functional unit of the body, organelle
Tissue level Aggregation of similar cells that perform similar functions. Several different types.
Atoms The smallest units of a particular unit
Inegumentary System Structure=skin Function= protection, body temperature, and sensations
Skeltal System Structure= bones and jointsFunction= support and movement
Muscular System Structure= 3 kindsFunction= movement, posture, temperature
Nervous System Structure= Brain, spinal cord, and nervesFunction= communication, Integration, and control
Endocrine System Structure= hypothalmus and pituitaryFunction= regulation and longer term control
Cardiovascular System Structure= heart and vesselsFunction= transportation, temperature regulation, and immunity
Lymphatic System Structure= Nodes, vessels, thymus, and spleenFunction= fluid transport and immunity
Respiratory System Structure= nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungsFunction= gas exchange and acid-base balance
Digestive System Structure= mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, liver, gallbladder and pancreasFunctions= breakdown food, nutrient absorption, and solid waste removal
Urinary System Structure= Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, and UrethraFunctions= nitrogenous waste removal, acid-base balance and water balance
Reproductive System Structure= female- ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, male- testes, ducts, prostate, penis, and sctotumFunctions= produce hormones, produce babies
Metabolism Consists of all the chemical reactions that are collectively known as life. Anabolism is putting things together. Catabolism is breaking big things down.
5 Survival Needs FOOD, WATER, OXYGEN, BODY TEMPERATURE, ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
Homeostasis Body's maintenance of a stable internal enviornment.
Homeostatic Mechanisms Monitor aspects of the internal enviornment and corrects any changes.
Receptors Provide information
Control Center Tells what a particular value should be
Effectors cause responses to change internal environment
Negative-Feedback mechanisms Most common type of regulatory mechanism. Minimizes deviation from the normExamples: body temperature, blood pressure
Positive-Feedback mechanisms RareStimulate and promote a change in the body conditionExamples: uterine contractions during labor, blood clotting.
Created by: 50611802
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