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Science Explosion 03
BJU 6th Grade - Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sedimentary | Rock formed when layers of sediment and organisms harden; one of three main categories of rocks |
| Igneous | Rock formed as magma and lava harden |
| Metamorphic | Rock formed deep below the earth's crust by heat and pressure |
| Rock cycle | The changing and transforming of the rock as it undergoes weathering, heat and pressure |
| Weathering | The process of breaking down rocks |
| Mechanical weathering | The process of breaking down rock into smaller and smaller pieces |
| Chemical weathering | The process of decomposing rocks into new substances |
| Uniformitarianism | People who believe that studying the present processes in nature explain the past |
| Carbonic acid | A weak acid formed from water and carbon dioxide |
| Speleothem | Various formations in caverns that form as dissolved calcite is deposited out of the water |
| Stalagmite | A cave formation that builds on the floor of a cave; made from the drippings of dissolved calcite |
| Stalactite | A cave formation that hangs from the ceiling of a cave; made from the dripping of dissolved calcite |
| Soil | The loose material at the surface of the earth |
| Humus | Decayed organic material found in soil |
| Pedologist | A scientist who studies soil |
| Sand | The largest particle of soil; It does not retain water in the soil |
| Clay | The smallest particle of soil; holds nutrients and water but does not have room for air |
| Silt | A tiny particle of soil that allows water and air to mix in the soil |
| Texture | The amount of each kind of particle in a soil sample |
| Loam | Soil that has properties of all three soil particles-sand, silt, and clay |
| Horizon | The multiple layers of soil |
| Topsoil | The layer of soil in which most plants germinate and where roots grow |
| Subsoil | The layer of soil that contains nutrients from the humus that have washed down through the upper layers and weathered minerals from the parent rock below |
| Bedrock | The layer underneath the soil that consists of unweathered rock; also called regolith |
| Sediment | Small particles produced by the weathering of rocks |
| Erosion | The action of weathered material moving from one location to another |
| Agents of erosion | A vehicle, such as gravity, water, wind, or ice, that causes erosion |
| Deposition | The dropping of sediment and rocks in a new location by gravity, wind, water, or ice |
| Mass movement | Erosion that occurs where gravity is the primary factor |
| Load | The sediment that a stream carries |
| Delta | The area at the mouth of a river where sediment is deposited |
| Birdfoot delta | The name of an unusual-shaped delta that sprawls in all directions |
| Deflation | The action of the wind blowing and picking up loose sediment and carrying it away |
| Dust storm | A storm caused by wind blowing small, loose particles high into the air |
| Sandstorm | A storm caused by wind blowing sand particles along the ground |
| Glacier | Ice formation formed where layers of unmelted snow compact into ice |
| Plucking | The action of a glacier pulling a huge piece of bedrock loose as the glacier slides down a mountain |
| Moraine | The pile of sediment deposited by a glacier as it melts and recedes |
Created by:
MrsDunham
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