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Hilton APES1
Summer Work Assignment
| Title | Definition |
|---|---|
| Environment | External Factors (ex. air, water, minerals, organisms, etc.) surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time |
| Environmental Science | A branch of science that studies the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the environment and their effect on organisms |
| Ecosystem | A community of different species interacting with one another and with the chemical and physical factors making up its nonliving environment |
| Biotic | pertaining to life/living |
| Abiotic | absence of life/nonliving |
| Environmentalist | A person who is concerned with or advocates for the protection of the environment |
| Ecosystem Service | The indirect and direct benefits that healthily functioning ecosystems provide humans |
| Economic Service | Monetary transactions that result in a service being given (ex. paying money in return for a haircut) |
| Biodiversity | The variety of all living things and their interactions |
| Genetic Diversity | The variety of genetic makeup among individuals within a single species |
| Species | A group of organisms that resemble one another in appearance, behavior, chemical makeup and processes, and genetic structure, and should be able to interbreed |
| Species Diversity | Number of different species and their relative abundances in a given area |
| Speciation | Formation of 2 species from 1 species because of differing natural selection in response to changes in environmental conditions |
| Greenhouse Gases | Gases in the troposphere (lower atmosphere) that contribute to the Greenhouse Effect by absorbing infrared radiation (ex. Carbon Dioxide, Chlorofluorocarbons, Ozone, Methane, Water Vapor, and Nitrous Oxide) |
| Anthropogenic | Caused or produced by humans |
| Sustainability | The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level/ The avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance |
| Biophilia | A hypothetical human tendency to interact or be closely associated with other forms of life in nature |
| Ecological Footprint | Measures how human activities impact the environment by calculating resources used and waste generated |
| Hypothesis | A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation |
| Control Group | A variable in an experiment that remains the same or consistent |
| Sample Size | The number of observations or individuals included in a study or experiment |
| Theory | An idea or set of ideas that is intended to explain facts or events |
| Acid | pH lower than 7, proton (H+)donors, sour taste, Strong Acids (fully dissociate) are HClO4 (perchloric acid), HCl (hydrochloric acid), HBr (hydrobromic acid), HI (hydroiodic acid), HNO3 (nitric acid), and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) |
| Base | pH higher than 7, proton (H+) acceptors, bitter taste, strong bases are LiOH (Lithium hydroxide), NaOH (sodium hydroxide), KOH (potassium hydroxide), Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide), Sr(OH)2 (strontium hydroxide), and Ba(OH)2 (barium hydroxide) |
| pH | logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of aqueous solutions (1-14) |
| Chemical Reaction | A process that involves the rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance |
| Law of Conservation of Matter | Matter is neither created nor destroyed, only transferred |
| Renewable Energy | Energy from a source this is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power |
| Nonrenewable Energy | Energy that comes from sources that will run out/cannot be replenished, such as coal |
| Chemical Energy | Energy that is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | In any physical or chemical change, no detectable amount of energy is created or destroyed, but in these processes energy can be changed from one form to another |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | the state of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolated system, will always increase over time (deltaS is +) |
Created by:
addie.hilton
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