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A&P
Cardiovascular System Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 main parts of the cardiovascular system? | Heart, Blood, and Blood Vessels |
| What do arteries do? | Take blood away from the heart |
| In the artery what is the first and outside layer, made up of connective tissue, called? | Tunica Externa |
| In the artery what is the second and middle layer made of smooth muscle called? | Tunica Media |
| In the artery what is the third and inner layer, made up of endothelial cells called? | Tunica Intima |
| What do veins do ? | Bring blood to the heart |
| What is the function of the capillaries? | Exchange material between the blood and the body cells |
| What is the location of the heart? | Cavity between lungs, 2/3 of the midsagittal |
| Pericardium | Outer membrane of the heart |
| Parietal Pericardium | External layer of the heart |
| Visceral Pericardium (epicardium) | Part of the heart wall |
| What is the Atrium divided by ? | Interatrial Septum |
| What is the function of the atria? | Receive blood from the veins |
| What is the function of the right atria? | Receive blood from superior and inferior vena cava |
| What is the function of the left atria? | Receives blood from the pulmonary veins |
| What are ventricles? | Muscular pumps |
| What are the ventricles divided by? | Inter-ventricular Septum |
| Where does the right ventricle pump blood to the lungs through? | Pulmonary Arteries |
| Where does the left ventricle pump blood to the body through? | Aorta |
| What are the 2 atrioventricular valves (AV valves)? | Tricuspid and Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve |
| What is located between right atria and right ventricle? | Tricuspid Valve |
| What is located between the left atria and left ventricle? | Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve |
| What is the pacemaker of the heart? | SA Node |
| What does the atrioventricular node do? | Receive impulse from the SA node |
| What is systole? | Contraction of the ventricle |
| What is diastole | Relaxation of the ventricle |
| What is the expansion and contraction of an artery as the left ventricle contracts ? | Pulse |
| What is the depolarization of the atria? | P Wave |
| What is the depolarization of ventricles? | T Wave |
| What are living blood cells suspended in a non living matrix called? | Plasma |
| What are RBCs known as? | Erythrocytes |
| What are the functions of RBCs? | To carry oxygen to other cells |
| What hormone is the rate of Red Blood Cells Production controlled by? | Erythropoietin |
| What is the function of Hemoglobin? | Carries oxygen inside Red Blood Cells |
| What is the function of WBCs? | They fight disease |
| What are the 3 types of Granulocytes? | Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil (NEB) |
| What controls the immune system? | Lymphocytes |
| What causes severe chest pain due yo brief lack of oxygen to heart muscle? | Angina |
| What is a decrease in blood supply to the heart? | Ischemia |
| What is the dying tissue due to lack of blood supply and oxygen? | Infraction |
| What is known as a slowing of the heart rate due to SA or AV node problems? | Bradycardia |
| What is known as valves that do not close correctly causing blood to leave back through the valve? | Heart murmur |
| What is known as valves that become calcified, rough, narrow, and that do not close properly? | Stenosis |
| RBC | Antigens A and B |
| RBC | Lifespan 120 Days |
| WBC | Leukocytosis and Leukopenia |
| Platelets | Stickiness and plug |
| RBC | Intrinsic and extrinsic factors necessary for synthesis |
| RBC | Rh factor |
| WBC | Contributes to the formation of pus |
| Hemoglobin | Transports O2 AND CO2 |
Created by:
TEARIAH
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